Objective To explore the traditional risk factors of hypertension in the hinterland tribal population in Taklamakan Desert as well as its association with diet and blood sugar.
Methods We performed an epidemiological survey on hypertension in cluding diet and plasma biochemical assays in the Taklimakan Desert hinterland tribe population aged ≥ 16 years old, using WHO (World Health Organization) MONICA (Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) protocol and adopting the method of random sampling. In addition, we compared the profiles between 282 Taklamakan tribal adults (≥ 30 years of age, the desert group) and 151 controls (≥ 30 years of age) randomly selected from Yutian County of Hetian City.
Results The detection rates of hypertension were 10.89% in the 508 tribal participants more than 16 years old, 14.55% in the desert group, and 42.95% in the control group. Significant differences were identified between the two groups (≥ 30 years of age) in BMI and HDL-C (P< 0.05), as well as in TG, TC, LDL-C, fasting blood sugar, fat intake, and salt intake (P<0.001); the other risk factors of the desert group were lower than the control group, except HDL-C. Significant differences in major nutrients and food intakes were also found between the desert and the control groups (P<0.001). The nutrients including sodium, potassium, carbohydrates, fats, and the food intakes like salt, oil were lower in the desert group than those in the control group, but meat intake was higher. Age, waistline, high blood glucose, salt intake were identified as risk factors of high blood pressure in the desert group (OR > 1).
Conclusions A low hypertension rate is detected in the Desert hinterland tribal population (10.89%). Low intakes of dietary nutrients such as sodium, carbohydrates, and lipids and foods like salts and fat may be associated with the lower occurrence of hypertension.
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