Objective To estimate the per capita drinking water intake among households in Minhang District of Shanghai,and to provide reference for health risk assessment.
Methods Totally 270 households were selected by stratified random sampling method for a questionnaire survey on the type and intake of drinking water.
Results The median value of drinking water intake per capita was 1.24 L/d among the households selected.A significant difference in drinking water intake per capita was found among families in different locations (H=9.529,P=0.009),and the families in urban areas consumed more water than the families in rural areas (Z=2.971,P=0.003).A correlation was found between drinking water intake per capital and income per capita (r=0.231,P < 0.001).The median values of per capita intake of boiled municipal supply water,bottled or barreled water,purified water,beverage,and instant-purified vending water was 1,0.72,1.33,0.17 and 0.67 L/d,respectively,and all the above parameters showed significant differences between the urban and the rural households (H=24.539,P < 0.001;H=8.716,P=0.013;H=10.006,P=0.007;H=12.737,P=0.002) except beverage (H=1.788,P=0.409).Moreover,a correlation of income per capita was also found with the average intake of bottled/barreled water or beverage (r=0.37,P=0.044;r=0.207,P=0.017,respectively).
Conclusion The per capita drinking water intake among households in Minhang District of Shanghai is close to the national recommendation level.Households in rural areas show lower per capita drinking water intake than those in urban areas.
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