Objective To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary students in Shanghai, and to identify relevant dietary risk factors.
Methods Students (n=503) from 16 primary and secondary schools in six distract of Shanghai were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. Food frequency and lifestyle information were collected. Logistic regression analyses and dietary pattern models were performed to identify the risk factors related to oversight and obesity.
Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 14.1% and 10.9% for boys and 5.7% and 2.0% for girls respectively. The combined prevalence rates were 25% for boys and 7.7% for girls respectively. Male or younger students had higher risks of being overweight and obesity. The consumption of soybean products, fish, and other aquatic products were associated with overweight or obesity odds ratio (OR)=1.445 (P=0.035), 1.578 (P=0.024), and 1.663 (P=0.018) respectively after adjusted by age, gender, and sleeping time according to the logistic regression analyses. The results of dietary pattern models showed that high protein dietary pattern revealed a positive correlation with overweight and obesity (OR=1.501, P=0.010), while non-staple food style had a negative correlation (OR=0.680, P=0.014).
Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity of primary and secondary students in Shanghai are increasing over time and related to dietary habits and dietary patterns.
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