WANG Yaqin, WANG Yu, LIANG Lu, BAI Fengxia, CHEN Jie, ZHANG Limei. Effect of PM2.5 exposure on emergency department visits and ambulance dispatches: A meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(8): 894-900. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20604
Citation: WANG Yaqin, WANG Yu, LIANG Lu, BAI Fengxia, CHEN Jie, ZHANG Limei. Effect of PM2.5 exposure on emergency department visits and ambulance dispatches: A meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(8): 894-900. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20604

Effect of PM2.5 exposure on emergency department visits and ambulance dispatches: A meta-analysis

  • Background Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is serious in China and poses a serious threat to human health.
    Objective This meta-analysis is conducted to quantitatively evaluate the association between PM2.5 exposure and both emergency department visits and ambulance dispatches in China.
    Methods Air pollution, atmospheric pollution, particulate matter, emergency, first aid, ambulance, PM2.5 in Chinese were used as keywords to search on CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang Database), VIP database, and keywords like PM, PM2.5, air pollution, particulate, particle, emergency, ambulance in English were used to search on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase database. The literature with time series design or case-crossover design were included. The publication time was set from the establishment of the database to July 30, 2021, and finally to March 1, 2021. Stata 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for quality evaluation of the included literature. Random or fixed effect meta-analysis was used to merge effects from different studies. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were further conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity among these studies. Sensitivity analysis, publication bias assessment, and adjustment were also performed.
    Results A total of 25 literature were included, consisting of 26 sources of data. The results of meta-analysis showed that an increase of 10 μg·m-3 PM2.5 was associated with an estimated relative risk (RR) of 1.007 (95% CI: 1.005-1.008) for emergency department visits and 1.004 (95% CI: 1.002-1.007) for ambulances dispatches respectively. The results of subgroup analysis of emergency visits and ambulance dispatches showed that the combination effect value of case-crossover studies was higher than that of time-series studies. The sensitivity test results showed the estimated associations were stable. The Egger test results showed no publication bias (t=1.53, P > 0.1; t=1.80, P > 0.1).
    Conclusion PM2.5 exposure could be associated with an increase of emergency department visits and ambulance dispatches.
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