LI Wen-hua, XUE Yu-ying. Research progress on neurotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(7): 697-702. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18849
Citation: LI Wen-hua, XUE Yu-ying. Research progress on neurotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(7): 697-702. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18849

Research progress on neurotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles

  • Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), 1-100 nm in diameter, have been wildly used in anti-bacterial agents, superconductors, catalyzers, optical materials, etc. Human exposure pathways of AgNPs include digestive tract, respiratory tract, and skin contract. As the important organ of central nervous system, brain is one of the target organs of AgNPs. Available studies have revealed three pathways of AgNPs entering the brain:crossing the blood-brain barrier, translocating into the olfactory bulb along the olfactory nerve, and passing through the trigeminal sensory terminals. Then AgNPs induce brain neurotoxic effects by releasing Ag+ and causing oxidative stress, inflammation, and Ca2+ influx. Therefore, the specific ways of AgNPs entering the brain, in vivo and in vitro studies on AgNPs neurotoxicity, and related neurotoxic mechanisms were summarized in this paper. Considering that there are few studies evaluating the neurotoxicity of AgNPs, especially the toxicity to brain structures and functional areas, it calls for more efforts in this field. In vitro studies on AgNPs neurotoxicity should focus on primary nerve cells more than common immortalized cell lines to improve experiment representativeness. To quantify the release of Ag+ from AgNPs is still a difficult problem in studying the mechanism of brain neurotoxicity; moreover, the relationship among different toxic mechanisms needs to be clarified.

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