REN Dong-yan, XU Meng-wei, SUN Gao-feng, XIE Hui-fang. Association between arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus in rats[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(2): 102-107. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17602
Citation: REN Dong-yan, XU Meng-wei, SUN Gao-feng, XIE Hui-fang. Association between arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus in rats[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(2): 102-107. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17602

Association between arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus in rats

  • Objective To assess the association between arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus in SD rats.

    Methods Forty specific-pathogen-free (SPF) SD rats were randomly divided by weight into control group, diabetes mellitus model group (diabetes mellitus group), and low, medium, and high dose arsenic groups, respectively, with eight rats in each group, half male and half female. The arsenic groups were continuously orally treated with sodium arsenite at 0.45, 2.25, and 11.25 mg/kg, respectively, for 15 weeks. During the experiment, the body weight was measured weekly. After 5 weeks of experiment, intraperitoneal injection of alloxan was given to the rats labelled as diabetes mellitus model. Fasting blood glucose and urine glucose were determined once every two weeks. After 15 weeks of experiment, the rats received intraperitoneal anesthesia to collect and weigh heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney. Total cholesterol and triglyceride in rat blood samples were determined by COD-PAP method; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by direct detection using microplate reader; glycosylated hemoglobin by enzyme colorimetric assay; insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 by ELISA.

    Results In week 15 of the experiment, the weights of the diabetes mellitus group and the high arsenic group were lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in weight between the arsenic groups and the diabetes mellitus group (P > 0.05). The organ coefficients of liver and kidney of the diabetes mellitus group and the high arsenic group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05), but no difference in liver's organ coefficient was observed between the high arsenic group and the diabetes mellitus group (P > 0.05). The average levels of fasting blood glucose of the high arsenic group in week 11, 13, and 15 were higher than those of the control group, and in week 15 positive results for urine glucose were detected in the high arsenic group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glycosylated hemoglobin were significantly increased, whereas insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased in the diabetes mellitus group and the arsenic groups (P < 0.05). There were no differences in the le vels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 between the high arsenic group and the diabetes mellitus group (P > 0.05).

    Conclusion Abnormal lipid metabolism and elevated blood glucose are observed in the SD rats exposed to arsenic. The change of glycolipid metabolism index of the high arsenic group is similar to that of the diabetes mellitus group, suggesting that arsenic exposure may be closely related to the occurrence of diabetes.

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