Objective To compare the occurrence of selected respiratory diseases and symptoms among children in areas with different le vels of sand dust pollution in Gansu Province.
Methods Minqin County, Lanzhou City, and Pingliang City of Gansu Province were selected as the source area of sand dust, affected area of sand dust, and control area, respectively. A total of 6000 children of grade 3-6 were selected by random cluster sampling and asked to complete questionnaires from April to May 2016. Data of 5 892 children (Minqin, n=1 966; Lanzhou, n=1 977; Pingliang, n=1949) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis with SPSS 18.0 software.
Results The OR values of cough with cold, cough without cold, chronic cough, expectoration with cold, expectoration without cold, chronic expectoration, wheeze, recurrent respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, and allergic rhinitis for the children in Minqin County versus those in Pingliang City were 1.466, 2.236, 3.227, 1.320, 3.008, 3.266, 2.013, 1.634, 1.772, and 1.812, respectively (P < 0.05). The OR values of the above indicators except bronchitis for the children in Lanzhou City versus those in Pingliang City were 1.257, 2.448, 2.254, 1.265, 2.442, 1.579, 1.834, 1.568 and 2.017, respectively (P < 0.05). The OR values of cough with cold, chronic cough, pneumonia, and bronchitis for the children in Minqin County versus those in Lanzhou City were 1.167, 1.431, 1.931, and 1.437, respectively (P < 0.05).
Conclusion Increased risks of respiratory diseases or symptoms are found among primary school children living in sand dust exposure area, especially sand dust source area.
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