Objective To investigate and compare the dietary intake and nutritional status of senior residents in Huangpu District of Shanghai and Jinan, and to provide information to take further intervention measures to improve the nutrition level of the group.
Methods A total of 950 senior residents aged 60 years and over were sampled from Shanghai Huangpu District (n=404) and Jinan (n=546). Physical examination, blood biochemical assay, and simplified food frequency questionnaire survey were conducted to investigate and compare the dietary intake and nutritional status of the seniors.
Results The obesity rate, dysarteriotony rate, dysglycemia rate, and dyslipidemia rate of the selected senior residents in Shanghai Huangpu District were 4.2%, 36.4%, 26.0%, and 41.3%, respectively; the indicators of the senior residents in Jinan were 9.5%, 62.1%, 32.8%, and 52.7%, respectively, significantly higher than those of the seniors in Shanghai Huangpu District (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The results of food frequency survey showed that the daily consumptions of cereals (235.9 g vs 216.7 g), grains (35.2 g vs 19.6 g), eggs (48.5 g vs 35.8 g), nuts (18.1 g vs 11.5 g), edible oil (36.2 g vs 30.8 g), and salt (8.3 g vs 5.6 g) were higher in the seniors in Jinan than those in Shanghai Huangpu District, while the daily consumptions of fruits (94.8g vs 123.4g), livestock (41.8g vs 79.6g), aquatic products (11.9g vs 62.2g), milk (85.7g vs 154.7g), and soy food (19.0 g vs 23.3 g) were lower in the seniors in Jinan than those in Shanghai Huangpu District (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In addition, insufficient intakes of dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin B1, and calcium in the seniors in both areas, insufficient zinc intake in men, and insufficient intake of vitamin B2 in the seniors in Jinan were observed.
Conclusion A proportion of the selected senior residents suffer from obesity, dysarteriotony, and dysglycemia. Dietary imbalance in this group is also a great concern.
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