Objective
To assess the relationship of depression with job related factors and resilience, and explore the role of resilience among them.
Methods
Nurses (n=535) from four hospitals in Tangshan City were selected by cluster sampling method and interviewed using Chinese Nurse Job Stressors Questionnaire, Work-Family Conflict Scale, Job Resources Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The scores of depression in different subgroups were compared by independent samples t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post hoc comparisons using SNK(s) method. The correlations between job related factors and depression in nurses were assessed by Pearson correlation analysis. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the regulatory effect of the interaction between resilience and job related factors on depression, as well as the intermediary effect of resilience on the relationship between job related factors and depression.
Results
There were statistically significant differences in depression scale scores among the nurses of different age, educational le vel, working hours per week, position, employment form, monthly income, and health status groups (P < 0.05). Depression scale score was positively correlated with job stressors questionnaire score and work-family conflict scale score (r=0.281, 0.461, P < 0.05), and negatively with job resources questionnaire score and resilience scale score (r=-0.253, -0.340, P < 0.05). Resilience moderated the relationship between job stressors and depression (b=0.109, P < 0.01). Resilience had an obvious intermediary effect between work-family conflict/job resources and depression (P < 0.05), and the intermediary effect values were 0.044 6 and -0.079 4, respectively, accounting for 11.36% and 48.30% of total effect, respectively.
Conclusion
Job stressors, work-family conflict, job resources, and resilience are closely related to depression in the interviewed nurses. Job stressors, work-family conflict, and job resources pose not only a direct effect on depression, but also an indirect effect through resilience.
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