Objective To assess the association of occupational stress and neurotransmitters with sleep quality in petroleum field workers.
Methods A total of 810 petroleum field workers were selected by cluster random sampling. Occupational stress and sleep quality were measured by Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition(OSI-R) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) scale. Then, 178 petroleum field workers were recruited randomly to measure the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), norepinephrine(NE), neuropeptide Y(NPY), and substance P(SP).
Results There were 700 valid questionnaires. The differences in occupational stress scores were statistically significant among petroleum field workers grouped by sex and exercise(both Ps < 0.05). Of the 700 workers, 251(35.86%) had poor sleep quality graded by the PSQI. The distribution of sleep quality problems were varied among petroleum field workers with different age, sex, and exercise(all Ps < 0.05). The neurotransmitter levels were also varied among petroleum field workers grouped by sex, alcohol consumption, and exercise(all Ps < 0.05). According to partial correlation analysis, some sleep quality factors correlated positively with occupational role, personal stress response, 5-HT, NE, and SP(all Ps < 0.05). However, sleep efficiency correlated inversely with personal resource(P < 0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=2.226, 95%CI: 1.004-4.936), personal stress response(OR=1.062, 95%CI: 1.023-1.103), occupational role(OR=1.040, 95%CI: 1.012-1.069), SP(OR=1.024, 95%CI: 1.008-1.040), and 5-HT(OR=1.011, 95%CI: 1.001-1.020) were risk factors of sleep quality, and exercise(OR=0.079, 95%CI: 0.022-0.282) was a protective factor.
Conclusion Sleep quality of petroleum field workers are not good. There is a correlation among occupational stress, neurotransmitters, and sleep quality. Improving occupational stress management could enhance sleep quality of petroleum field workers.
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