某市外科医生职业紧张对工作满意感的影响
Impact of Occupational Stress on Job Satisfaction among Surgeons in a City
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摘要:
目的 通过对临床外科医师职业紧张的调查结果和工作满意度的分析,评价外科医生的职业紧张因素对工作满意感的影响。 方法 以整群抽样的方法选择某市 9 所不同级别医院,对外科科室全体医生237 名进行职业紧张调查,紧张问卷采用职业紧张问卷。根据数据类型进行t 检验、方差分析、协方差分析。以外科医生工作满意感、工作自身满意感、工作组织满意感中位数为界,将其分为高分组和低分组,其中位数分别为49、23、26 分。 结果 外科医生不同年龄层工作满意感、工作自身满意感、工作组织满意感得分不同,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),其中40~50 岁年龄段得分均低于其他年龄段。不同工龄对工作自身满意感得分有影响,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05),其中11~20 年工龄层得分低于其他工龄层。外科医生工作满意感与工作冲突、任务控制和工作危险呈负相关,与上级支持、同事支持、社会支持、决策控制和提升参与机会呈正相关。协方差分析结果显示,工作满意感高分组和低分组组间的应付策略、工作冲突、工作危险和工作前景比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。逐步回归分析结果,工龄、支持策略、工作危险、角色模糊、工作冲突、忍耐性6 个职业紧张因素被引入工作满意感回归方程中。 结论 年龄、工龄和职业应激相关因素对工作满意感有影响。外科医生工作满意感与工作冲突、工作危险、上级支持、同事支持、社会支持和提升参与机会等具有相关性。外科医生工作满意感的主要影响因素有工龄、支持策略、工作危险、角色模糊、工作冲突、忍耐性。 Abstract:Objective To investigate occupational stress and job satisfaction among surgeons, and assess the impact of occupational stress on job satisfaction. Methods By cluster sampling, 237 surgeons of 9 hospitals were enrolled in this study and the occupational stress conditions were evaluated by Occupational Stress Inventory. Statistical analysis included t test, analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance. The participants were divided into high score group and low score group according to the median scores of job satisfaction (49 scores), satisfaction with job itself (23 scores) and satisfaction with job organization (26 scores). Results The surgeons of different age groups showed statistical differences in scores of job satisfaction, satisfaction with job itself, and satisfaction with job organization (P < 0.05). The 40-50 year-old group scored lower than other age groups for all the 3 categories. The surgeons of different work age group showed statistical difference in scores of satisfaction with job itself (P < 0.05). The 11-20 years work age group scored lower than the other work age groups. The job satisfaction scores were negatively associated with job conflict, task control, and job hazards, and positively with supervisor support, coworker support, social support, decision control, and opportunities for promotion. The results of covariance analysis revealed significant differences in coping strategies, job conflict, job hazards, and job prospects between the groups of high-and low-score of job satisfaction (P < 0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that seniority, support strategies, job hazards, role ambiguity, job conflict, and patience were introduced to the job satisfaction regression equation. Conclusion Age, seniority, and occupational stress-related factors have significant impacts on surgeon's job satisfaction. The surgeons' job satisfaction is also associated with job conflict, job hazards, supervisor support, coworker support, social support, and promotion opportunity. Seniority, support strategies, job hazards, role ambiguity, job conflict, and patience are the prominent impact factors.
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