2009—2011年杭州伤害监测点3~6岁学龄前儿童首诊伤害特点分析
Epidemiological Analysis on First Injury Visits to Sentinel Hospitals among Children Aged 3 to 6 Years in Hangzhou, 2009-2011
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摘要:
目的 探讨2009-2011 年杭州伤害监测点3~6 岁学龄前儿童伤害的流行病学特征, 为实施科学有效的防制措施提供依据。 方法 选取杭州市3 家伤害监测哨点医院, 采用统一制定的伤害监测登记表对前来就诊的首诊伤害病例进行登记。用EpiData 3.02 软件建立数据库, 对3~6 岁学龄前儿童伤害发生的地点、活动情况、类别、严重程度和性别差异等进行流行病学分析。 结果 调查期间3 家哨点医院共接诊3~6 岁学龄前儿童884 名。学龄前儿童伤害多发生在居所, 以夏季为多, 其次是秋季; 常见于空闲、运动活动的过程中; 伤害原因以动物伤(44.00%)、跌伤(或坠落)(30.77%)为多; 伤害程度多为轻微浅表伤(80.54%)。伤害存在性别差异, 学龄前男、女儿童的伤害在发生地点、伤害发生时的活动、伤害原因、伤害的严重程度方面, 差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.01 或P < 0.05)。 结论 应该根据当地实际情况及3~6 岁学龄前儿童特点, 尽早开展相应的伤害安全教育等干预控制, 减少儿童伤害的发生。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injuries among the children aged 3-6 years visiting to sentinel hospitals during 2009-2011 in Hangzhou, and to provide basis for scientific and effective prevention and control measures. Methods A unified record card was used to register new injury cases in 3 sentinel hospitals selected in Hangzhou. EpiData 3.02 software was used to set up a database to analyze the distributions of site, activity, type, severity, and gender among children aged 3 to 6 years. Results A total of 884 injury children aged 3-6 years were admitted by the 3 sentinel hospitals. The injuries occurred mostly at home in summer, followed by autumn, in leisure time and sports activities. The top 2 types of the injuries included animal attack (44.00%) and slip (fall) injury (30.77 %). Most were minor (80.54%) injures. There were statistically significant differences in injury sites (P < 0.01), activities (P < 0.05), causes (P < 0.01), and severity (P < 0.01) between different genders. Conclusion To reduce injury incidence, targeted preventive measures, such as safety education, should be carried out according to local conditions and the characteristics of children at 3-6 years of age.
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