上海市浦东新区现制现售水机卫生状况及出水水质现况调查
A Cross-Sectional Survey on Water Quality and Hygienic Status of Fresh-Purified Drinking Water Vending Machines in Pudong New Area, Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 了解上海市浦东新区现制现售水机卫生状况及出水水质,为保障现制现售水饮用人群的健康安全提供监督与管理依据。 方法 以上海市浦东新区辖区内1197台现制现售水机为对象,对其卫生许可、环境卫生、硬件设施、管理维护状况及出水水质开展调查和分析。 结果 1197台现制现售水机中,未公示水质自检记录者占7.60%,现制现售水机周围10 m半径内有污染源者占5.85%,未公示维护记录者占3.17%,出水口未设置可关闭、紧密的门者占2.84%,未公示自动售水机有效卫生许可信息者占1.67%,现制现售水机未在卫生行政部门备案者占0.33%,现制现售水机公司未取得有效卫生许可证者占0.25%。出水水质不合格率为11.61%;其中,细菌总数不合格率为9.44%,耗氧量不合格率为2.68%,总大肠菌群不合格率为0.42%。 结论 目前,上海市浦东新区的现制现售水机总卫生状况和出水水质存在一定的卫生安全隐患。现制现售水相关法律法规滞后,给卫生行政部门加大监管力度带来一定难度。建议加强现制现售水卫生法制建设,予以立法保障,促使经营单位规范经营,确保饮用人群健康安全。 Abstract:Objective To understand the hygienic status and water quality of fresh-purified drinking water vending machines (FPDWMs) in Pudong New Area in order to guarantee the customers' safety and health. Methods The survey in cluded collecting information on hygiene license, environmental hygiene, hardware facilities, management and maintenance, as well as water quality of 1197 FPDWMs in Pudong New Area. Results Of all 1197 FPDWMs, the absence rates of self-inspection record, maintenance record, and valid hygiene license were 7.60%, 3.17%, and 1.67%, respectively. Pollution sources presented around 10m radius of the machines accounted for 5.85%. The proportion of water outlet of the machines without tight-closed doors was 2.84%. Moreover, 0.33% of the machines didn't register to the local health department. The unqualified rate of water products by the selected machines was 11.61%, and the unqualified rates of total bacteria count, oxygen consumption, and total coliform group were 9.44%, 2.68%, and 0.42%, respectively. Conclusion The hygienic status and water quality of FPDWMs in Pudong New Area present certain health risks. Moreover, lack of related laws and regulations causes difficulties for health administrative departments supervision. It suggests to strengthen the legislation on hygiene of FPDWMs, and to standardize related business operation activities in order to ensure customer's safety and health.
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