谢红卫, 张美辨, 张磊, 张传会. 非稳态噪声工作场所噪声暴露测量与评价[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2013, 30(10): 748-752.
引用本文: 谢红卫, 张美辨, 张磊, 张传会. 非稳态噪声工作场所噪声暴露测量与评价[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2013, 30(10): 748-752.
XIE Hong-wei , ZHANG Meibian , ZHANG Lei , ZHANG Chuan-hui . Measurement and Evaluation on Workplace Non-Steady Noise Exposure[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2013, 30(10): 748-752.
Citation: XIE Hong-wei , ZHANG Meibian , ZHANG Lei , ZHANG Chuan-hui . Measurement and Evaluation on Workplace Non-Steady Noise Exposure[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2013, 30(10): 748-752.

非稳态噪声工作场所噪声暴露测量与评价

Measurement and Evaluation on Workplace Non-Steady Noise Exposure

  • 摘要: 目的 测量和评价非稳态噪声工作场所的8 h 等效连续A声级(LAeq.8 h)、1 min 等效连续A声级(LAeq.1 min)和全天等效声级估算值(LAeq.T)。

    方法 采用个人声暴露计测量LAeq.8 h,用声级计测量LAeq.1 min 和每个时间段的噪声值,计算出全天的等效声级(LAeq.T)。应用LAeq.8 h 和LAeq.1 min、LAeq.T 分别测量某输油管道加工厂和某家用电器制造厂239 名工人的个体噪声(接触)和相应作业场所噪声(暴露)水平。

    结果 两家工厂LAeq.8 h 均值分别为(89.7& #177;3.8)dB(A)和(90.5& #177;5.7)dB(A),分别高于LAeq.T 的(88.0& #177;2.4)dB(A)和(89.2& #177;3.6)dB(A)(P<0.05 或P<0.01)。与LAeq.8 h 相比,LAeq.1 min 采样时间点存在抽样误差。绝大多数工作岗位的LAeq.1 min 与LAeq.8 h 均值差大于3 dB(A),所有工作岗位的LAeq.T 均值与LAeq.8 h 均值差均小于3.0 dB(A)。

    结论 LAeq.8 h 能反映在非稳态噪声工作场所工人实际接触噪声暴露水平,LAeq.T比较符合作业工人实际噪声接触水平,LAeq.1 min 会低估或高估工人噪声暴露水平。

     

    Abstract: Objective To measure and evaluate the eight-hour continuous equivalent A-weighted sound levels (LAeq.8 h), one-minute continuous equivalent A-weighted sound levels (LAeq.1 min), and continuous equivalent A-weighted sound levels over a work day (LAeq.T) of non-steady noise at work.

    Methods LAeq.8 h was determined by personal noise dosimeter. LAeq.1 min was measured by environmental noise dosimeter. LAeq.T was calculated with LAeq.1 min. A Total of 239 workers exposed to non-steady noise in a pipeline manufacturing factory and a household appliance factory were investigated using LAeq.8 h. Workplace noise levels were measured using LAeq.1 min and LAeq.T.

    Results The averages of LAeq.8 h in the two factories(89.7& #177;3.8) dB(A) and (90.5& #177;5.7) dB(A) were significantly higher than the averages of LAeq.T(88.0& #177;2.4) dB(A) and (89.2& #177;3.6) dB(A) (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Sampling time errors of the values of LAeq.1 min were observed as compared with the values of LAeq.8 h. The differences between the mean values of LAeq.1 min and LAeq.8 h at most of the work locations were greater than 3 dB(A). The differences between the mean values of LAeq.T and LAeq.8 h at all work locations were less than 3.0 dB(A).

    Conclusion LAeq.8 h is able to measure the non-steady noise level of workers. LAeq.T reflects actual noise levels of workers. LAeq.1 min may underestimate or overestimate noise levels.

     

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