上海市某区部分餐厅环境烟草烟雾浓度调查
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Density in Some Restaurants of Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 对上海市某区8 家餐厅的环境烟草烟雾浓度在《上海市公共场所控制吸烟条例》(简称《控烟条例》)实施前后进行比较,旨在评价《控烟条例》在餐厅的实施效果,为该条例今后的进一步修订提供参考。 方法 采用目的抽样方法,在2008 年4 月《控烟条例》实施前和2010 年12 月《控烟条例》实施后选取8 家餐厅分别进行基线调查和随访监测,采用AM510 个体气溶胶监测仪检测空气中细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度以代表环境烟草烟雾污染状况。 结果 《控烟条例》实施前后餐厅室内PM2.5 浓度分别为147.76、125.15 μg/m3,室内PM2.5 浓度峰值分别为363.20、272.00 μg/m3。《控烟条例》实施前后餐厅室内外PM2.5 浓度差值分别为80.44、70.53 μg/m3,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。 结论 《控烟条例》实施前后,餐厅室内PM2.5 浓度没有明显变化。部分餐厅大厅内尚无有效控烟措施,环境烟草烟雾暴露问题比较严重,必须采取严格有效禁烟措施减少环境中因吸烟所致的烟雾污染。 Abstract:Objective To compare environmental tobacco smoke density in 8 restaurants in a district of Shanghai before and after the implementation of Shanghai Regulation on Public Places Smoking Control for effectiveness assessment, and to provide reference for further amendment to this regulation. Methods AM510 personal aerosol monitor was used to measure PM2.5 concentrations in 8 restaurants in April 2008 (pre-ban) and December 2010 (post-ban) through purposive sampling. Results The average indoor PM2.5 concentrations of the 8 restaurants were 147.76 μg/m3 before implementation and 125.15 μg/m3 after the implementation. The peak indoor concentrations were 363.20 μg/m3 (pre-ban) and 272.00 μg/m3 (post-ban). The difference values between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were 80.44 μg/m3 (pre-ban) and 70.53 μg/m3 (post-ban). However, no significant differences were found (P > 0.05). Conclusion The findings of the current study indicate no obvious changes in PM2.5 concentrations of indoor space of the selected restaurants since the implementation of Smoking Control Regulation. Currently, there are no effective smoke-free measures in restaurants of Shanghai. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is still a serious concern demanding strict and effective actions for tobacco smoke pollution control.
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