上海市宝山区娱乐场所女性服务人员艾滋病防制卫生服务利用与需求研究
Health Service Utilization and Demand for AIDS Prevention and Control among Female Entertainment Workers in Baoshan District of Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 了解娱乐场所女性服务人员艾滋病防制卫生服务利用与需求情况, 为完善干预策略、拓展服务内涵提供依据。 方法 在辖区某镇的娱乐场所中, 采用整群抽样的方法分别随机抽取 4 家大型娱乐场所和 18 家小型娱乐场所, 共选择调查对象 128 人, 完成有效问卷 125 份。问卷主要内容包括:人口学信息、艾滋病性病知识、咨询检测、安全套使用和生殖保健等 5 部分。 结果 调查对象年龄为 18~44 岁(中位数为 28 岁)。77.6% 的调查对象月收入 <3 000元人民币; 艾滋病传播途径、性病基本知识答对率较高, 但其他的认识还存在很多误区; 98.4%的调查对象表示安全套是容易获得的, 最近一次商业性行为安全套使用率为 87.20%; 33.6%的听说过艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)门诊, 仅 13.6%的人接受过艾滋病病毒抗体检测; 74人(59.2%)曾做过人工流产; 仅有 39人(31.2%)在过去一年里做过性病常规检查; 80人(64.0%)自述有妇科症状。妇科症状影响因素分析发现, 该人群中年龄和性病知识得分是其妇科症状的主要影响因素。 结论 娱乐场所女性服务人员在艾滋病性病知识、咨询检测信息、安全套使用和妇科保健等方面存在一定的卫生需求。 Abstract:Objective To understand the use and demand of health service for AIDS prevention and control in female entertainment workers (FEWs), and to provide reliable evidence for formulating intervention strategy and expanding service items. Methods A questionnaire survey, including demographic information, AIDS/STD knowledge, counseling and testing, condom use and productive health, was conducted among 128 FEWs in 4 large and 18 small entertainment places using cluster sampling method in a town of Baoshan district, with 125 effective questionnaires collected. Results The FEWs surveyed aged 18-44 years old, and the median was 28. The percentage of whose monthly income below 3 000 RMB was 77.6%. The correct answer of HIV transmission and basic knowledge of STD was in high rate but there were still many cognitive errors. In the FEWs interviewed, 98.4% answered that condoms were easy to get; 87.20% used condoms in last commercial sexual behavior; 33.6% had heard of AIDS voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) but only 13.6% received the service of HIV antibody testing; 59.2% had abortion in the past; only 31.2% received routine STD examination in past one year; and 64% of them reported having gynecological symptoms. It was found that age and STD knowledge score were the main influencing factors of gynecological symptoms. Conclusion The FEWs are in need of AIDS/STD knowledge, counseling and testing information, condom using skills and gynecological care.
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