张慧君, 陶功华, 洪新宇, 马武仁, 肖萍. 上海市主城区生活饮用水中非挥发性有机物的潜在致突变性分析[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(6): 612-617. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20554
引用本文: 张慧君, 陶功华, 洪新宇, 马武仁, 肖萍. 上海市主城区生活饮用水中非挥发性有机物的潜在致突变性分析[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(6): 612-617. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20554
ZHANG Huijun, TAO Gonghua, HONG Xinyu, MA Wuren, XIAO Ping. Potential mutagenicity of nonvolatile organic compounds in drinking water in main urban area of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(6): 612-617. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20554
Citation: ZHANG Huijun, TAO Gonghua, HONG Xinyu, MA Wuren, XIAO Ping. Potential mutagenicity of nonvolatile organic compounds in drinking water in main urban area of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(6): 612-617. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20554

上海市主城区生活饮用水中非挥发性有机物的潜在致突变性分析

Potential mutagenicity of nonvolatile organic compounds in drinking water in main urban area of Shanghai

  • 摘要: 背景

    上海是一个国际化的特大城市,大量人口对饮用水的需求与日俱增,生活饮用水的安全性是备受关注的焦点。

    目的

    通过上海市主城区生活饮用水中有机物的致突变性分析,了解上海市生活饮用水的安全性现况。

    方法

    于枯水期(2015年12月—2016年2月)、平水期(2016年3—5月)、丰水期(2016年6—9月)分别采集供应上海市主城区青草沙水库辐射范围内3个水厂的水源水和出厂水,同时采集主城区中监测点的管网水和末梢水(包括浦西7个区的10个监测点),一年中按3个时期采样,每个时期采样1次,每次采集5 L水样。采用XAD-2树脂对水中非挥发性有机物进行富集,设0.25、0.50、1.00 L·皿-1 3个剂量组,通过细菌回复突变试验(鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA98菌株和TA100菌株)检测其潜在致突变性,运用TA98菌株检测移码型突变,TA100菌株检测碱基置换型突变,通过加用活化代谢系统(S9)来确定水样中是否含有间接致突变物质。

    结果

    所采集的水样中有4组水样为细菌回复突变试验阳性,均为TA98菌株阳性,对TA100菌株没有作用,仅在不加用活化代谢系统的组别(-S9)中出现阳性结果。不同水期中,枯水期的样本中阳性率较高(50%),丰水期和平水期次之(25%);不同类型中,水源水的阳性率较高(100%),出厂水次之(33.3%),管网水和末梢水均为阴性。同一份水样中TA98菌株的-S9和+S9回复突变率(MR)差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。不同水期的TA98菌株MR值的差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);不同水期TA100菌株MR值的差异也有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。不同类型水样的TA98菌株MR值的差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。TA100菌株MR值未达到阳性标准,但是变化趋势与TA98菌株一致。

    结论

    上海市生活饮用水中的非挥发性有机物是一类可致移码突变的直接致突变物质。不同水期的饮用水中,枯水期的潜在致突变性较高,平水期次之,丰水期最弱。不同类型的饮用水中,水源水具有较强的潜在致突变性,出厂水次之,管网水和末梢水的水样不具有致突变性。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Shanghai is an international megacity, where the increasing demand for drinking water of its large population bring into focus the safety of drinking water.

    Objective

    This study evaluates the safety of drinking water in the main urban area of Shanghai through the mutagenicity analysis of organic substances in drinking water.

    Methods

    In the dry season (from December 2015 to February 2016), level season (from March to May 2016), and wet season (from June to September 2016), samples of source water and finished water were collected from three water plants that draw water from Qingcaosha Reservoir, a water source that supply for the main urban area of Shanghai, and samples of pipeline water and tap water were collected at the monitoring points in the main urban area (including 10 monitoring points in 7 districts located in west of the Huangpu River). Samples were collected in three periods, once in each period, and 5L each time. XAD-2 absorbable resin was used to enrich the nonvolatile organic matter in water samples, setting low, medium, and high (0.25, 0.50, 1.00 L·dish-1) dose groups, and the potential mutagenicity of Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain and TA100 strain was detected by bacterial reverse mutation assay. TA98 strain was used to detect frameshift mutation, while TA100 strain was used to detect base substitution mutation, and activated metabolic system (S9) was added to determine whether there were indirect mutagens in water samples.

    Results

    Among the collected water samples, four samples were positive for TA98 strain in the bacterial reverse mutation assay, but were not mutagenic with TA100 strain, and the positive results only showed in the groups without activated metabolic system (-S9). In regard to water periods, the positive rate was higher in dry season (50%), followed by level season and wet season (25%). In regard to sample types, the positive rate of source water was higher (100%), followed by finished water (33.3%), and both pipeline water and tap water samples were negative. There was a significant difference in the reverse mutation ratio (MR) between -S9 and +S9 of TA98 strain in the same water sample (P < 0.05). The MR values of TA98 strain in different water periods (P < 0.05) showed significant differences; the MR values of TA100 strain in different water periods were significantly different (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in MR values of TA98 strain among different types of water samples (P < 0.05). The MR values of TA100 strain did not reach the positive standard, but the change trend was consistent with the values of TA98 strain.

    Conclusion

    The nonvolatile organic compounds in tested drinking water of Shanghai are a kind of direct mutagenic substances which can cause frameshift mutation. The potential mutagenicity of drinking water is higher in dry season, followed by level season, and lower in wet season. In different types of drinking water, source water has strong potential mutagenicity, followed by finished water, and pipeline water and tap water have no mutagenicity.

     

/

返回文章
返回