李盛, 王金玉, 李普, 许军, 樊春燕. 兰州市某工业区大气PM2.5中多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险评估[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(2): 137-141. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20412
引用本文: 李盛, 王金玉, 李普, 许军, 樊春燕. 兰州市某工业区大气PM2.5中多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险评估[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2021, 38(2): 137-141. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20412
LI Sheng, WANG Jinyu, LI Pu, XU Jun, FAN Chunyan. Pollution characterization and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in an industrial area of Lanzhou[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(2): 137-141. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20412
Citation: LI Sheng, WANG Jinyu, LI Pu, XU Jun, FAN Chunyan. Pollution characterization and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in an industrial area of Lanzhou[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2021, 38(2): 137-141. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2021.20412

兰州市某工业区大气PM2.5中多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险评估

Pollution characterization and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in an industrial area of Lanzhou

  • 摘要: 背景

    多环芳烃(PAHs)是重要的环境污染物,部分还具有致癌性,生活在工业区的居民可能承受着比其他地区更高的致癌健康风险。

    目的

    分析兰州市某工业区大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)中PAHs污染特征及健康风险。

    方法

    于2017年采集某工业区大气PM2.5样品84份,其中采暖季35份,非采暖季49份。检测样品中16种优先控制PAHs单体水平,包括萘、苊、苊烯、芴、蒽、菲、苯并a蒽、屈、荧蒽、芘、苯并a芘、苯并b荧蒽、苯并k荧蒽、二苯并ah蒽、苯并ghi苝、茚并1,2,3-cd芘。采用美国环保署推荐的当量法评估大气PM2.5中PAHs对人群的健康风险和预期寿命损失,可接受的终身致癌风险水平在1×10-6~1×10-4范围。

    结果

    该工业区大气PM2.5中PAHs全年总质量浓度(简称浓度)为(43.51±26.09)ng·m-3,采暖季总浓度(60.64±30.88)ng·m-3高于非采暖季(31.27±11.59)ng·m-3Z=-7.252,P < 0.001)。全年、非采暖季PAHs均以2~3环为主,分别占47.96%、65.08%;采暖季PAHs以4环为主,占38.41%。PAHs总终身致癌风险值(VILCR)为1.24×10-5,其中采暖季(2.06×10-5)高于非采暖季(6.50×10-6),成人(1.46×10-5)高于儿童(1.02×10-5)(分别Z=-7.223、-2.573,均P < 0.05)。PAHs的居民预期寿命损失为90.59min。

    结论

    兰州市某工业区采暖季大气PAHs终身致癌风险高于非采暖季,成人高于儿童,但都处于可接受水平。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important environmental pollutants, some of which are carcinogenic and could increase the carcinogenic health risks among residents living in relevant industrial areas than in other areas.

    Objective

    The purpose of this study is to analyze the pollution characteristics and potential health risks of PAHs in atmospheric fine particulate matters(PM2.5) of an industrial area in Lanzhou City.

    Methods

    Eighty-four atmospheric PM2.5 samples were collected from an industrial area in 2017, including 35 samples in heating season and 49 samples in non-heating season. Sixteen PAHs listed as priority pollutants were detected, including naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, fluorene, anthracene, phenanthrene, benzoaanthracene, chrysene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzoapyrene, benzobfluoranthene, benzokfluoranthene, dibenzoa, hanthracene, benzog, h, iperylene, and indene1, 2, 3-cdpyrene. The equivalent method recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency was used to evaluate the health risk and life expectancy loss from PAHs in atmospheric PM2.5. The acceptable lifetime carcinogenic risk level was in the range of 1×10-6-1×10-4.

    Results

    The annual total concentration of PAHs in atmospheric PM2.5 in the selected industrial area was (43.51±26.09) ng·m-3. The total concentration in heating season(60.64±30.88) ng·m-3 was significantly higher than that in non-heating season(31.27±11.59) ng·m-3 (Z=-7.252, P < 0.001). In the whole year and the non-heating season, the PAHs were dominated by 2-ring and 3-ring components, accounting for 47.96% and 65.08%, respectively, while in the heating season, the PAHs were dominated by 4-ring components, accounting for 38.41%. The incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk value (VILCR) from PAHs in the whole year was 1.24×10-5. The VILCR in the heating season (2.06×10-5) was higher than that in the non-heating season (6.50×10-6), and that in adults (1.46×10-5) was higher than that in children (1.02×10-5) (Z=-7.223, -2.573, P < 0.05). The life expectancy loss of PAHs was 90.59 min.

    Conclusion

    The lifetime carcinogenic risk of atmospheric PAHs in Lanzhou industrial zone in the heating season is higher than that in the non-heating season, and that in adults is higher than that in children, but they are within the preset acceptable range.

     

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