张逸, 顾爱华. 镉、铅、汞对血管的损伤及其机制研究进展[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(7): 727-733. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19843
引用本文: 张逸, 顾爱华. 镉、铅、汞对血管的损伤及其机制研究进展[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(7): 727-733. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19843
ZHANG Yi, GU Ai-hua. Advances on damage and mechanisms of Cd, Pb, and Hg to blood vessels[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(7): 727-733. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19843
Citation: ZHANG Yi, GU Ai-hua. Advances on damage and mechanisms of Cd, Pb, and Hg to blood vessels[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(7): 727-733. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19843

镉、铅、汞对血管的损伤及其机制研究进展

Advances on damage and mechanisms of Cd, Pb, and Hg to blood vessels

  • 摘要:

    工业、农业以及日常生活中许多含铅、汞、镉等重金属的化合物进入到环境中并造成污染。近年来重金属对健康产生的不良影响引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。通过比较国内外人群体内重金属负荷水平发现,我国居民体内重金属负荷水平不容乐观。越来越多的流行病学研究发现,重金属暴露与血管损伤以及血管疾病发生有关。环境中过量的有毒重金属会通过呼吸道、消化道、皮肤接触等各种途径进入人体,对血管结构和功能产生影响,如导致动脉粥样硬化、血管重塑、内皮功能障碍、血小板黏附聚集和血栓形成等,这些损伤最终会诱发血管疾病。从重金属暴露到心血管损伤结局,涉及多种分子事件,包括氧化应激、炎性激活、激素信号传导等,其中氧化应激是最重要也是最常见的机制。但重金属暴露对血管损伤的相关机制还有待进一步研究。本文总结了三种常见重金属(镉、铅、汞)暴露对血管结构和功能的影响及其机制,为预防重金属化学物所引起的血管毒性提供依据。

     

    Abstract:

    Heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and cadmium are released into the environment through industrial, agricultural, and daily life activities, and pollute the environment. In recent years, the adverse health effects of heavy metals have raised attention from worldwide researchers. The comparison of heavy metal levels in domestic and foreign populations show that the burden of heavy metals in Chinese residents is not optimistic. Increasing epidemiological studies have found that heavy metal exposure is associated with vascular injury and the risk of vascular diseases. Excessive toxic heavy metal in the environment can enter into human body through various ways such as respiratory tract, digestive tract, and skin contact, affect the structure and function of blood vessels, including atherosclerosis, vascular remodeling, endothelial dysfunction, platelet adhesion and aggregation, and thrombosis, and eventually lead to vascular diseases. From heavy metal exposure to cardiovascular injury outcomes, a variety of molecular events are involved, including oxidative stress (the most important and common mechanism), inflammatory activation, and affected hormone signal transduction, but the related mechanisms need further study. This review summarized the effects and mechanisms of three common heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and mercury) on vascular structure and function, aiming to provide a basis for prevention against their vascular toxicity.

     

/

返回文章
返回