李赞, 戴俊明, 吴宁, 高俊岭, 傅华. 职业人群问题饮酒与心理幸福感的关联——以上海“健康单位”为例[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(4): 385-390. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19684
引用本文: 李赞, 戴俊明, 吴宁, 高俊岭, 傅华. 职业人群问题饮酒与心理幸福感的关联——以上海“健康单位”为例[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2020, 37(4): 385-390. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19684
LI Zan, DAI Jun-ming, WU Ning, GAO Jun-ling, FU Hua. Association between problem drinking and mental well-being among occupational populations: A cross-sectional study of "Shanghai Healthy Organization"[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(4): 385-390. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19684
Citation: LI Zan, DAI Jun-ming, WU Ning, GAO Jun-ling, FU Hua. Association between problem drinking and mental well-being among occupational populations: A cross-sectional study of "Shanghai Healthy Organization"[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(4): 385-390. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19684

职业人群问题饮酒与心理幸福感的关联——以上海“健康单位”为例

Association between problem drinking and mental well-being among occupational populations: A cross-sectional study of "Shanghai Healthy Organization"

  • 摘要: 背景

    问题饮酒会带来严重的疾病负担,是全球范围内备受关注的公共卫生问题,但目前国内外针对职业人群中问题饮酒与心理幸福感的研究还较为缺乏。

    目的

    了解上海职业人群中问题饮酒的现状,并探究问题饮酒与职工心理幸福感的关联,为职业场所的健康促进和干预提供建议。

    方法

    2017年7-8月,采用整群抽样的方法招募上海市32家单位或企业的3 850名在职员工,在知情同意基础上,匿名完成自填式问卷。调查内容包括研究对象的一般人口学特征、饮酒情况、心理幸福感及自评健康、工作满意度和健康单位知晓情况。使用中文CAGE量表和世界卫生组织幸福感指数(WHO-5)量表分别调查问题饮酒和心理幸福感指标。应用单因素方差分析比较不同特征组之间心理幸福感的差异;应用Pearson相关分析探究心理幸福感与饮酒情况及其他因素的关联;使用多因素线性回归模型探索问题饮酒对心理幸福感的影响。

    结果

    回收有效问卷3 160份,有效回收率为82.1%。调查对象平均年龄为(36.42±9.41)岁,问题饮酒率为6.1%,心理幸福感的平均得分为17.70±5.28。问题饮酒的员工心理幸福感(16.69±5.74)低于不饮酒者(17.84±5.11)(P < 0.01)。在所有调查对象中,员工的饮酒情况与心理幸福感呈负相关(r=-0.068,P < 0.01)。男性员工中,饮酒情况(b=-0.46)和吸烟(b=-0.65)与心理幸福感呈负相关(P < 0.05),而年龄(b=0.51)、自评健康(b=2.02)、工作满意度(b=2.12)和健康单位知晓情况(b=0.74)则与心理幸福感呈正相关(P < 0.05);女性员工中,饮酒情况(b=-1.16)亦与心理幸福感呈负相关(P < 0.05),而自评健康(b=1.74)、工作满意度(b=1.54)和健康单位知晓情况(b=1.54)则与心理幸福感呈正相关(P < 0.05)。

    结论

    问题饮酒能够降低员工的心理幸福感,未来应加强职业人群酒精使用的限制。

     

    Abstract: Background

    Problem drinking as an increasing public health concern worldwide can cause serious disease burdens. However, studies on the association between problem drinking and mental well-being among working populations remain limited at home and abroad.

    Objective

    This study is designed to understand the prevalence of problem drinking among occupational populations in Shanghai, and explore the association between problem drinking and employees' mental well-being, so as to provide suggestions for health promotion and interventions in the workplace.

    Methods

    From July to August 2017, a total of 3 850 employees from 32 units or enterprises in Shanghai were recruited to complete self-administered anonymous questionnaires after informed consents were obtained. The survey included general demographic characteristics, drinking status, mental well-being scale, self-assessed health, job satisfaction, and perception to healthy organization installation. The Chinese edition of CAGE Scale and the World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5) were used to measure problem drinking and mental well-being. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the difference in mental well-being among the employees grouped by different characteristics; Pearson correlation was used to investigate the associations of mental well-being with drinking and other variables; multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the association between problem drinking and mental well-being.

    Results

    A total of 3 160 valid questionnaires were returned with a valid return rate of 82.1%. The average age of the study subjects was (36.42±9.41) years, the problem drinking rate was 6.1%, and the average score of mental well-being was 17.70±5.28. The mental well-being score of problem-drinking employees (16.69±5.74) was lower than that of non-drinkers (17.84±5.11) (P < 0.01). Among all subjects, drinking was negatively correlated with mental well-being (r=-0.068, P < 0.01). Among male employees, drinking (b=-0.46) and smoking (b=-0.65) were associated with reduced mental well-being (P < 0.05), while age (b=0.51), self-rated health (b=2.02), job satisfaction (b=2.12), and perception to healthy organization installation (b=0.74) were associated with increased mental well-being (P < 0.05); among female employees, drinking (b=-1.16) was also associated with reduced mental well-being (P < 0.05), while self-rated health (b=1.74), job satisfaction (b=1.54), and perception to healthy organization installation (b=1.54) were associated with increased mental well-being (P < 0.05).

    Conclusion

    Problem drinking may reduce the mental well-being of employees, and restrictions on alcohol consumption among occupational groups should be strengthened in the future.

     

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