宋瑞, 许东, 姚嘉晖, 张晨彤, 张梅如, 胡孜元. 上海市徐汇区市售海产品中多溴联苯醚污染水平[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2019, 36(11): 1037-1041. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.19155
引用本文: 宋瑞, 许东, 姚嘉晖, 张晨彤, 张梅如, 胡孜元. 上海市徐汇区市售海产品中多溴联苯醚污染水平[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2019, 36(11): 1037-1041. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.19155
SONG Rui, XU Dong, YAO Jia-hui, ZHANG Chen-tong, ZHANG Mei-ru, HU Zi-yuan. Pollution levels of PBDEs in retail seafood in Xuhui District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(11): 1037-1041. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.19155
Citation: SONG Rui, XU Dong, YAO Jia-hui, ZHANG Chen-tong, ZHANG Mei-ru, HU Zi-yuan. Pollution levels of PBDEs in retail seafood in Xuhui District of Shanghai[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(11): 1037-1041. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.19155

上海市徐汇区市售海产品中多溴联苯醚污染水平

Pollution levels of PBDEs in retail seafood in Xuhui District of Shanghai

  • 摘要: 背景 多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)是一种广泛应用于电子产品的含溴阻燃剂。作为环境污染物,PBDEs易通过食物富集并最终对人体多系统产生影响。海产品是人体通过食物蓄积PBDEs的重要途径。上海作为一座沿海城市,居民对海产品的摄入不容小觑。而目前关于上海地区海产品中PBDEs污染水平的研究较少。

    目的 本研究拟了解上海徐汇区市售海产品中PBDEs的现状,为进一步开展相关调查研究和制订政策和措施提供依据。

    方法 在徐汇区域内超市和农贸市场采集海产品,包括海鱼、海虾和海贝共计50份,采用气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)对食品样品中最常见的8种PBDEs单体(BDE-28、BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-100、BDE-153、BDE-154、BDE-183和BDE-209)进行含量检测,并比较超市和农贸市场样品之间以及不同种类海产品之间PBDEs单体和总PBDEs的检出含量和检出率差异。

    结果 本研究共计进行50件样品(400项次)的检测,检出130项次,检出率为32.5%。其中检出率最高的为BDE-153(64.0%),检出含量中位数最高的亦为BDE-153(2.35 ng/kg),BDE-209未检出。在总体检出率方面,农贸市场和超市之间无统计学差异(χ2=0.73,P=0.39),但单体BDE-47在农贸市场的检出率高于超市(χ2=4.92,P=0.03)。三种类型的海产品中,海鱼的ΣPBDEs检出含量中位数为62.00ng/kg,高于海虾(54.20ng/kg)和海贝(57.40ng/kg)(H=6.52,P=0.04);并且三种类型海产品在单体BDE-99(χ2=12.29,P < 0.01)、BDE-100(χ2=11.91,P < 0.01)、BDE-153(χ2=9.66,P < 0.01)的检出率之间的差异有统计学意义,均以海鱼最高。

    结论 徐汇区市售海产品中存在PBDEs。虽然检出含量及检出率与其他研究相比处于较低水平,但是由于食物是人类暴露于PBDEs的主要途径,因此海产品中PBDEs的污染依然应引起重视。

     

    Abstract: Background Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of brominated flame retardants widely used in electronic products. As a group of environmental pollutants, PBDEs can accumulate through diet and eventually affect multiple systems of human body. Seafood intake is an important way for human body to accumulate PBDEs through food. The intake of seafood of residents in Shanghai, a coastal city, should not be underestimated. At present, however, there are few studies on PBDEs pollution level in seafood in Shanghai.

    Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current PBDEs pollution in retail seafood in Xuhui District of Shanghai, and provide a basis for further investigation and policy making.

    Methods A total of 50 seafood samples including sea fish, shrimp, and shellfish were collected from supermarkets and agricultural markets in Xuhui District. The concentrations of eight PBDEs monomers (BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, BDE-154, BDE-183, and BDE-209) were determined by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The concentrations and detection rates of PBDEs monomers and total PBDEs were compared between supermarket and agricultural market samples and among different kinds of seafood.

    Results In this study, a total of 50 samples were tested 400 times, and 130 times were found positive of PBDEs, with a detection rate of 32.5%. The highest detection rate was BDE-153 (64.0%), the highest median concentration was BDE-153 (2.35 ng/kg), and BDE-209 was below the limit of detection. There was no statistical difference in the overall detection rate between seafood samples from agricultural markets and supermarkets (χ2=0.73, P=0.39), but the detection rate of BDE-47 in agricultural market samples was significantly higher than that in supermarket samples (χ2=4.92, P=0.03). The median concentration of ΣPBDEs in sea fish samples was 62.00 ng/kg, significantly higher than the median concentrations in shrimp (54.20 ng/kg) and shellfish (57.40 ng/kg) (H=6.52, P=0.04); the detection rates of BDE-99 (χ2=12.29, P < 0.01), BDE-100 (χ2=11.91, P < 0.01), and BDE-153 (χ2=9.66, P < 0.01) were significantly different among the three kinds of seafood, with the highest rates found in sea fish samples.

    Conclusion PBDEs are detected positive in retail seafood in Xuhui District. Although the concentrations and detection rates of PBDEs are at a low level compared with studies in other areas, the pollution of PBDEs in seafood should be concerned as food intake is a main exposure pathway for PBDEs.

     

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