电感耦合等离子体质谱法和直接测汞仪法测定人全血和尿中汞的比较研究
Comparison of ICP-MS and direct mercury analyzer method for determination of mercury in human whole blood and urine
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摘要:
背景 目前国标方法只有冷原子吸收法对尿汞进行测定，但是该法线性范围窄，灵敏度低，有一定的局限性。电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）和直接测汞仪法同样也可以用来测定血汞和尿汞，是目前较为先进的方法。
目的 对ICP-MS和直接测汞仪法测定人全血和尿中汞进行比较。
方法 取全血标准物质、尿标准物质各7份，分别用ICP-MS法和直接测汞仪法测定汞的含量，计算日内精密度。同时，取汞标准物质各3份测定6 d，计算日间精密度和准确度。对两种方法测人血149件和人尿225件实际样品中汞含量进行F检验。
结果 ICP-MS测定血中汞的检出限为0.10μg/L、定量限为0.50μg/L；尿中汞检出限为0.04μg/L，定量限为0.14 μg/L。直接测汞仪测定血中汞的检出限为0.40 μg/L、定量限为1.4 μg/L；尿中汞的检出限为0.35 μg/L、定量限为1.1 μg/L。ICP-MS法测定血和尿中汞日内、日间精密度均 < 6.0%，平均回收率血107.1%、尿89.3%。直接测汞法测定血和尿中汞日内、日间精密度均 < 6.0%，平均回收率血104.1%、尿88.5%。两种方法均能准确测定血和尿质控样品，且测定血和尿实际样品结果差异无统计学意义（P < 0.05）。
结论 ICP-MS前处理简便、线性宽。直接测汞法无须前处理、快速。两种方法测定质控样品、实际样品结果均令人满意。
Abstract:Background At present, the only natonal standard method for the determinaton of mercury in urine is cold atomic absorpton spectrometric method, which has some limitatons due to its narrow linear range and low sensitvity. Inductvely coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and direct mercury analyzer method can also be used to determine mercury in blood and urine, which are two advanced mercury determinaton methods.
Objectve A comparatve study is conducted to determine mercury in human whole blood and urine by using ICP-MS and direct mercury analyzer method.
Methods The contents of mercury in seven blood and seven urine reference materials were determined by ICP-MS and direct mercury analyzer respectvely, and the intra-day precision was calculated. At the same tme, the contents of mercury in three blood and three urine reference materials were tested for six days, and the inter-day precision and accuracy were calculated. F test was performed on the contents of mercury in 149 human blood samples and 225 human urine samples determined by the two methods.
Results The limit of detecton (LOD) and the limit of quantfcaton (LOQ) of mercury in blood samples were 0.10 μg/L and 0.50 μg/L, and the two indicators in urine samples were 0.04 μg/L and 0.14μg/L by using ICP-MS. The LOD and LOQ of mercury in blood samples were 0.40μg/L and 1.4μg/L, and the two indicators in urine samples were 0.35 μg/L and 1.1 μg/L by using direct mercury analyzer. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were both below 6.0%, and the recoveries of mercury in blood and urine were 107.1% and 89.3% by using ICP-MS. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were both below 6.0%, and the recoveries of mercury in blood and urine were 104.1% and 88.5% by using direct mercury analyzer. Both methods accurately determined blood and urine reference material samples, and there was no signifcant difference for actual human blood and urine samples (P < 0.05).
Conclusion ICP-MS method is simple and of wide linearity range. Direct mercury analyzer method is free from sample preparaton and rapid. Both methods can achieve satsfactory results on reference materials and actual human samples.
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