张翔, 冯玉杰, 朱华龙, 干雨, 罗彪, 李建, 徐德祥, 王华. 孕前和孕期母鼠低硒饲料喂养对胎鼠生长发育的损害作用[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2019, 36(4): 395-399. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18664
引用本文: 张翔, 冯玉杰, 朱华龙, 干雨, 罗彪, 李建, 徐德祥, 王华. 孕前和孕期母鼠低硒饲料喂养对胎鼠生长发育的损害作用[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2019, 36(4): 395-399. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18664
ZHANG Xiang, FENG Yu-jie, ZHU Hua-long, GAN Yu, LUO Biao, LI Jian, XU De-xiang, WANG Hua. Impairments of maternal exposure to low selenium diet before and during pregnancy on growth and development of mouse fetuses[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(4): 395-399. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18664
Citation: ZHANG Xiang, FENG Yu-jie, ZHU Hua-long, GAN Yu, LUO Biao, LI Jian, XU De-xiang, WANG Hua. Impairments of maternal exposure to low selenium diet before and during pregnancy on growth and development of mouse fetuses[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2019, 36(4): 395-399. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2019.18664

孕前和孕期母鼠低硒饲料喂养对胎鼠生长发育的损害作用

Impairments of maternal exposure to low selenium diet before and during pregnancy on growth and development of mouse fetuses

  • 摘要: 目的 孕期母体硒缺乏导致胎儿生长受限的发生风险升高目前尚存在争议,本研究旨在从动物实验中探讨孕前和孕期母鼠低硒饲料喂养对胎鼠生长发育的影响及其相关机制。

    方法 40只3周ICR雌鼠被随机分为对照组和低硒组各20只,对照组与低硒组分别喂养维持饲料(硒质量分数为0.18 mg/kg)和低硒饲料(硒质量分数为0.02 mg/kg),连续喂养8周后与正常雄鼠交配,孕鼠继续分组喂养至受孕第18天,然后剖杀孕鼠,评价胎鼠生长发育情况,收集母鼠、胎鼠血清和胎盘,用石墨炉原子吸收法检测血清硒质量浓度,用定量RT-PCR方法检测胎盘CatSod1Sod2 mRNA水平,用免疫组化和Western blot方法检测胎盘3-硝基酪氨酸(3-NT)表达。所有计量资料用均数±标准差(x±s)来描述,采用t检验进行两组之间比较。

    结果 在孕前和孕期阶段,低硒组和对照组母鼠总进食量和体重增长之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。硒质量浓度检测结果显示,对照组孕鼠和胎鼠血清硒质量浓度分别为(121.7±43.0)和(79.5±30.8)μg/L,低硒组孕鼠和胎鼠血清硒质量浓度分别为(74.6±34.7)和(36.2±26.0)μg/L,低硒组孕鼠血清和胎鼠血清硒质量浓度均低于对照组(P < 0.05)。生长发育检查结果表明,对照组胎鼠体重为(1.38±0.08)g,低硒组胎鼠体重为(1.31±0.06)g,低硒组胎鼠体重低于对照组(P < 0.05)。定量RT-PCR结果显示,低硒组与对照组胎盘组织CatSod1Sod2 mRNA水平之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。免疫组织化学结果显示,低硒组小鼠胎盘组织3-NT阳性细胞数高于对照组(P < 0.05)。Western blot结果显示,低硒组小鼠胎盘组织3-NT蛋白表达水平高于对照组(P < 0.05)。

    结论 孕前和孕期母鼠低硒饲料喂养引起胎鼠生长受限,可能与胎盘氧化应激反应有关。

     

    Abstract: Objective Whether maternal selenium deficiency during gestation elevates the risk for fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains controversial. The present study is to explore the adverse effects of maternal exposure to low selenium diet before and during pregnancy on the growth and development of mouse fetuses and related potental mechanisms.

    Methods Forty ICR female mice (three weeks old) were randomly divided into a control diet (CD) group (0.18 mg/kg selenium) and a low selenium diet (LSD) group (0.02 mg/kg selenium), with 20 mice in each group. Females and males were mated afer eight weeks of feeding, and the pregnant mice were fed with the same diet as before untl being sacrifced on gestatonal day (GD) 18. Growth and development of mouse fetuses were evaluated. Maternal and fetal mice serum and placenta samples were collected to detect serum selenium (Se) concentration by graphite furnace atomic absorpton spectrometry, the mRNA expression levels of Cat, Sod1, and Sod2 in placenta by quanttatve RT-PCR, and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) expression level in placenta by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. All measurement data were presented as mean±SD and analyzed by t test.

    Results No signifcant differences were observed in total food intake and weight gain between the CD and LSD groups before and during pregnancy (P>0.05). The serum selenium levels of pregnant mice and fetal mice were (121.7±43.0) and (79.5±30.8) μg/L in the CD group and (74.6±34.7) and (36.2±26.0) μg/L in the LSD group; the LSD group had signifcantly lower pregnant and fetal serum selenium levels than the CD group (P < 0.05). The examinaton results of growth and development showed that the fetal weight was (1.38±0.08) g in the CD group and (1.31±0.06) g in the LSD group; the LSD group had a signifcantly lower fetal weight than the CD group (P < 0.05). The results of quanttatve RT-PCR showed no differences between the LSD group and the CD group in the mRNA expression levels of Cat, Sod1, and Sod2 (P>0.05). Moreover, the results from immunostaining and Western blot showed that the 3-NT positve cells and protein expression levels in the LSD-exposed mice were signifcantly higher than those in the CD-exposed mice (P < 0.05).

    Conclusion Maternal exposure to low selenium diet before and during pregnancy could induce fetal growth restricton and the later may be associated with placental oxidatve stress.

     

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