李莉, 葛覃兮, 刘航, 潘力军, 姚孝元, 张庆. 旅店业从业人员呼吸系统自报症状状况及其影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(12): 1114-1117. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.18467
引用本文: 李莉, 葛覃兮, 刘航, 潘力军, 姚孝元, 张庆. 旅店业从业人员呼吸系统自报症状状况及其影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(12): 1114-1117. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.18467
LI Li, GE Tan-xi, LIU Hang, PAN Li-jun, YAO Xiao-yuan, ZHANG Qing. Prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms and related influencing factors among hotel employees[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(12): 1114-1117. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.18467
Citation: LI Li, GE Tan-xi, LIU Hang, PAN Li-jun, YAO Xiao-yuan, ZHANG Qing. Prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms and related influencing factors among hotel employees[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(12): 1114-1117. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.18467

旅店业从业人员呼吸系统自报症状状况及其影响因素

Prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms and related influencing factors among hotel employees

  • 摘要: 目的 了解我国旅店业从业人员发生呼吸系统症状的现况,并探讨其影响因素。

    方法 采用随机抽样横断面研究方法,于2017年对全国543家旅店5 528名从业人员进行问卷调查。应用自报的方式调查受访者的基本信息、工作场所环境及呼吸系统感觉或症状。采用卡方检验比较自报呼吸系统症状流行率在不同性别、年龄、工龄、文化程度从业人员间的差异,采用logistic回归分析呼吸系统症状的人口学和环境影响因素。

    结果 本研究所调查从业者女性占83.33%,40岁以上人群占45.22%,初中或高中学历者占76.23%。自报呼吸系统症状流行率前三位依次为打喷嚏(806,14.58%)、嗓子干痒(539,9.75%)、流鼻涕(537,9.71%)。自报工作场所中环境危险因素前三位依次为空气干燥(852,15.41%)、空气中有灰尘(700,12.66%)、忽冷忽热(388,7.02%)。卡方检验结果提示不同性别、年龄、工龄、文化程度从业人员间呼吸系统自报症状流行率差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),单因素logistic回归分析结果提示人口学特征与是否自报呼吸系统症状无关(P > 0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果提示空气干燥(OR=2.636,95%CI:2.233~3.111)、空气中有灰尘(OR=2.634,95%CI:2.231~3.110)和忽冷忽热(OR=1.636,95%CI:1.256~2.132)是呼吸系统自报症状的危险因素。

    结论 旅店业从业人员呼吸系统存在多种不适症状,工作场所空气中有类尘、空气干燥、忽冷忽热是影响从业人员呼吸系统健康的主要因素。

     

    Abstract: Objective To estimate the prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms and related influencing factors among hotel employees in China.

    Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to randomly select a total of 5 528 employees from 543 hotels nationwide in 2017. Self-reported general information, respiratory feelings or symptoms, and workplace environment of employees were collected through questionnaires. Chi-square test was applied to compare the prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms among different gender, age, length of service, and education groups. Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze potential demographic and workplace factors associated with reported respiratory symptoms.

    Results Among the enrolled employees, 83.00% were women, 45.22% were over 40 years old, and 76.23% had middle or high school degrees. The top three self-reported respiratory symptoms were sneezing (806, 14.58%), dry throat (539, 9.75%), and runny nose (537, 9.71%). The top three environmental risk factors in workplace were dry air (852, 15.41%), airborne dust (700, 12.66%), and fluctuating surrounding temperature (388, 7.02%). The results of chi-square analyses showed that there were no significant differences in the prevalence of self-reported respiratory symptoms among employees categorized by gender, age, length of service, and education (P > 0.05), and the results of single-factor logistic regression analyses indicated that demographic characteristics were not associated with self-reported respiratory symptoms (P > 0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that environmental factors such as dry air (OR:2.636, 95%CI:2.233-3.111), airborne dust (OR:2.634, 95%CI:2.231-3.110), and fluctuating surrounding temperature (OR:1.636, 95%CI:1.256-2.132) were risk factors for self-reported respiratory symptoms.

    Conclusion Varied respiratory symptoms are reported in hotel employees. Airborn dust, dry air, and fluctuating surrounding temperature in workplace are the main influencing factors for self-reported respiratory symptoms in the employees.

     

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