高氯酸盐对大鼠免疫功能的影响
Effects of perchlorate on immune function of rats
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摘要:
目的 研究高氯酸盐对大鼠免疫功能的影响，了解高氯酸盐的免疫毒性。
方法 将36只健康Wistar雌性大鼠（体重180~200 g）随机分成6组。高氯酸盐灌胃染毒，染毒剂量分别为4.50、22.00、110.00、560.00 mg/kg（以体重计，后同），以蒸馏水为阴性对照，环磷酰胺为阳性对照（腹腔注射）。每天1次，连续染毒5 d，染毒结束2 d后采集大鼠尾静脉血，称取动物体重、各脏器质量，计算脏器系数；采用试管法进行白细胞计数、白细胞分类计数；ELISA法测定T淋巴细胞亚群指标CD4+、CD8+分子浓度和细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-4和IL-10质量浓度，并计算CD4+/CD8+值。
结果 与阴性对照组相比，高氯酸盐染毒组（除4.50 mg/kg组外）大鼠的胸腺系数、脾脏系数降低，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），其中560.00 mg/kg染毒组降低最明显；阳性对照组也出现降低，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。与阴性对照组相比，高氯酸盐染毒组的中性粒细胞比例在22.00 mg/kg染毒组开始增加，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.01）；T淋巴细胞亚群指标CD4+分子浓度在110.00、560.00 mg/kg染毒组明显降低；细胞因子IL-4和IL-10从22.00 mg/kg高氯酸盐染毒组开始降低，差异均具有统计学意义（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）。
结论 高氯酸盐可对大鼠的免疫功能产生抑制作用。
Abstract:Objective To study the effects of perchlorate on immune function of rats, and understand the immune toxicity of perchlorate.
Methods Thirty-six healthy Wistar rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into six groups. Perchlorate was administered by gavage at 4.50, 22.00, 110.00, and 560.00 mg/kg (in terms of body weight), respectively. Distilled water was used as negative control, and cyclophosphamide was used as positive control (intraperitoneal injection). After exposure to perchlorate for continuous 5 d (once a day) and observation for 2 d, rat tail vein blood was collected on the 7th day, and body weight and organ weights were measured to calculate organ coefficients. White blood cell counts and differential counts were calculated by test-tube method. Concentrations of T lym phocyte subset indices (CD4+ and CD8+) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10) were detected by ELISA, and CD4+/CD8+ was also calculated.
Results Compared with the negative control group, the rat thymus coefficient and spleen coefficient in the perchlorate groups (except the 4.50 mg/kg group) decreased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and especially in the 560.00 mg/kg group, as well as in the positive control group (P < 0.01). Compared with the negative control group, neutrophils increased significantly in the groups administered with 22.00 mg/kg perchlorate and above (P < 0.01); the concentrations of CD4+ decreased significantly in the 110.00 mg/kg group and 560.00 mg/kg group; IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly decreased in the groups administered with 22.00 mg/kg perchlorate and above (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
Conclusion Perchlorate may suppress immune function of rats.
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