银川市郊蔬菜温棚作业者泌尿生殖系统健康现况调查
Cross-sectional survey on genitourinary system health of vegetable greenhouse growers in suburban areas in Yinchuan
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摘要:
目的 了解银川市郊蔬菜温棚作业者泌尿生殖系统健康现状，并分析其影响因素。
方法 采用随机整群抽样法，于2015年4—5月采用问卷调查的方式，收集银川市三区两县460名蔬菜温棚作业者的相关信息，运用logistic回归分析作业者泌尿生殖系统健康现况的影响因素。
结果 本次研究最终调查对象448名，问卷回收率97.4%，其中女性207人，男性241人。女性泌尿生殖系统疾病患病率高达75.8%，多因素分析结果显示：随意增加喷药次数（OR=3.683，95%CI：1.261~10.760）、喷药时闲聊（OR=2.532，95%CI：1.056~6.068）是影响其患病率的危险因素；使用阿维菌素（OR=0.311，95%CI：0.132~0.730）是保护因素。男性泌尿生殖系统疾病患病率为14.1%，多因素分析结果显示：年龄大（OR=1.048，95%CI：1.007~1.091）、农药的暴露分级高（OR=5.11，95%CI：1.313~19.890）、混配农药的种类多（OR=3.275，95%CI：1.186~9.042）及混配农药使用所占的比例高（OR=3.243，95%CI：1.056~9.959）是影响其患病率的危险因素；每周食用肉类次数多（OR=0.697，95%CI：0.491~0.989）是保护因素。
结论 银川市郊女性温棚作业者泌尿生殖系统疾病发病率较高，缺乏农药的正确使用及防护知识是影响该类疾病的主要影响因素。
Abstract:Objective To evaluate the genitourinary system health of vegetable greenhouse growers and analyze related influencing factors.
Methods From April to May 2015, 460 vegetable greenhouse growers were selected by cluster random sampling method from three districts and two counties of Yinchuan and interviewed by questionnaires. Influencing factors for genitourinary system health were identified using logistic regression models.
Results A total of 448 vegetable greenhouse growers (207 females and 241 males) were enrolled in the study, with a valid questionnaire return rate of 97.4%. The self-reported genitourinary disease prevalence rate reached 75.8% in the female growers. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that increased frequency of spraying pesticides (OR=3.683, 95%CI: 1.261-10.760) and chatting during pesticides spraying (OR=2.532, 95%CI: 1.056-6.068) were risk factors for female growers' genitourinary diseases, while using abamectin (OR=0.311, 95%CI: 0.132-0.730) was a protective factor. The self-reported genitourinary disease prevalence rate was 14.1% in the male growers. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of males' genitourinary diseases included older age (OR=1.048, 95%CI: 1.007-1.091), higher pesticides exposure classification (OR=5.11, 95%CI: 1.313-19.890), more types of mixed pesticides (OR=3.243, 95%CI: 1.056-9.959), and more proportion of mixed pesticides (OR=0.697, 95%CI: 0.491-0.989), and higher frequency of eating meat per week (OR=0.697, 95%CI: 0.491-0.989) was a protective factor.
Conclusion A higher self-reported prevalence rate of genitourinary diseases is found in female vegetable greenhouse growers in Yinchuan. Deficiency of correct pesticides usage knowledge and related protective measures are the main influencing factors.
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