申洋, 王燕玲, 蒋莹, 张代均, 娜荷芽, 常春. 职业人群社会经济地位与因病缺勤的关联:以中国四城市为例[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(8): 687-692. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16779
引用本文: 申洋, 王燕玲, 蒋莹, 张代均, 娜荷芽, 常春. 职业人群社会经济地位与因病缺勤的关联:以中国四城市为例[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2017, 34(8): 687-692. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16779
SHEN Yang, WANG Yan-ling, JIANG Ying, ZHANG Dai-jun, NA He-ya, CHANG Chun. Association between socioeconomic status and sickness absence in working population:A case study of four cities in China[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(8): 687-692. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16779
Citation: SHEN Yang, WANG Yan-ling, JIANG Ying, ZHANG Dai-jun, NA He-ya, CHANG Chun. Association between socioeconomic status and sickness absence in working population:A case study of four cities in China[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2017, 34(8): 687-692. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2017.16779

职业人群社会经济地位与因病缺勤的关联:以中国四城市为例

Association between socioeconomic status and sickness absence in working population:A case study of four cities in China

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨社会经济地位(SES)与因病缺勤的关联。

    方法 采用分层整群抽样,在北京、厦门、泉州和呼和浩特四城市的5类工作场所中抽取3 553人进行问卷调查。分性别计算集中指数来评价健康公平性;采用多因素logistic回归分析SES与因病缺勤的关联,并探讨工作状况和生活方式能否解释该关联。

    结果 根据不同文化程度和职业阶层职工的高缺勤率计算的集中指数,男性分别为-0.151、-0.134;女性分别为-0.068、-0.069。调整社会人口学、工作状况和生活方式因素后,与高文化程度相比,中等及低文化程度职工高缺勤的OR及其95%CI值分别为1.41(1.06~1.88)、1.91(1.47~2.48);与高职业阶层(行政管理人员)相比,低职业阶层(蓝领)职工高缺勤的OR及其95%CI值为1.40(1.06~1.84)。

    结论 不同SES的职工存在健康不公平性,男性健康不公平程度大于女性。工作状况和生活方式因素不能充分解释SES对因病缺勤的影响。

     

    Abstract: Objective To study the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and sickness absence.

    Methods A total of 3 553 employees from five kinds of workplaces in Beijing, Xiamen, Quanzhou, and Hohhot were selected by stratified cluster sampling and investigated with designed questionnaire. Gender-specific concentration indices were calculated to evaluate health equity. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the association between SES and sickness absence, and to determine if it could be explained by working or lifestyle factors.

    Results The concentration indices, which were calculated according to high absence rate stratified by educational level and occupational group, were -0.151 and -0.134, respectively, in men, and -0.068 and -0.069, respectively, in women. After adjusting demographic, working, and lifestyle factors, compared with the employees at high educational level, the OR values (95%CI) of high absence for those at medium and low educational levels were 1.41 (1.06-1.88) and 1.91 (1.47-2.48), respectively. Compared with the administrator group, the OR value (95%CI) of high absence for the blue collar group was 1.40 (1.06-1.84).

    Conclusion There is health inequity for employees of different SES categories, and men are more unequal than women on health equality. Working and lifestyle factors cannot fully explain the association between SES and sickness absence.

     

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