2011-2013年杭州市某区涉苯哨点监测企业作业工人的健康状况
Worker's Health Conditions in Sentinel Enterprises with Benzene Exposure in a District of Hangzhou, 2011-2013
-
摘要:
目的 通过回顾性分析杭州市某区2011-2013年苯接触工人的职业健康检查资料，了解苯接触作业人群职业健康状况，并提出对策建议。
方法 以杭州市某区哨点监测的涉苯企业为对象，涉苯企业及员工的基本情况通过问卷调查的方式获得，工人健康检查资料由该区卫生监督所提供。2011-2013年3年中分别调查苯接触工人1 503、1506和1 511人，3年均参加职业健康检查的320人。主要观察的指标有体质指数、血压、尿常规以及血常规中红细胞、血红蛋白、白细胞、血小板。
结果 2011-2013年苯接触工人中有一项或一项以上指标异常者分别为457、522和491人。其中，体质指数异常率分别为20.76%、23.17%、23.23%；血压异常率分别为5.85%、14.87%、6.68%；尿常规异常率分别为0.86%、2.46%、0.99%；血常规异常率分别为6.39%、8.43%、6.82%；红细胞计数异常率分别为0.20%、0.27%、1.72%；血红蛋白计数异常率分别为0.13%、0.27%、0.53%；白细胞计数异常率分别为6.12%、8.17%、5.03%；血小板计数异常率分别为0.27%、0.07%、0.07%；3年中体质指数、血压、尿常规、红细胞计数和白细胞计数的异常率差异有统计学意义（均
P < 0.05）。连续3年进行健康检查的工人仅红细胞、白细胞计数异常率差异有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。结论 杭州市该区苯接触工人的职业健康状况较为良好。企业应加强职业健康管理，员工本身应注意自身的健康状况，保持健康的生活方式。
Abstract:Objective Though a retrospective analysis of the occupational health examination data in 2011-2013 of benzene exposed workers in a district of Hangzhou to understand the occupational health conditions of benzene exposed workers and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.
Methods An enterprise with benzene exposure listed in the official sentinel surveillance system in a district of Hangzhou City was selected. Benzene exposed workers in the sentinel enterprise were enlisted as study subjects, their basic information were obtained by questionnaire, and their physical examination data were provided by the district health authority. Respectively 1 503, 1 506, and 1 511 benzene exposed workers were investigated during 2011-2013, and 320 workers had physical examination data for the three consecutive years. Main observation indices included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, routine urinary indicators, and routine blood indicators of red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and platelets.
Results There were 457, 522, and 491 benzene exposed workers from 2011-2013 respectively reported one or more abnormal indices. Specifically, the abnormal BMI rates in the three years were 20.76%, 23.17%, and 23.23%, respectively; the abnormal blood pressure rates were 5.85%, 14.87%, and 6.68%, respectively; the abnormal routine urinary indicator rates were 0.86%, 2.46%, and 0.99%, respectively; the abnormal routine blood indicator rates were 6.39%, 8.43%, and 6.82%, respectively; the abnormal red blood cell count rates were 0.20%, 0.27%, and 1.72%, respectively; the abnormal hemoglobin count rates were 0.13%, 0.27%, and 0.53%, respectively; the abnormal white blood cell count rates were 6.12%, 8.17%, and 5.03%, respectively; the abnormal platelet count rates were 0.27%, 0.07%, and 0.07%, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found in the abnormal rates of BMI, blood pressure, routine urine test indicator, red blood cell count, and white blood cell count (all
Ps < 0.05). For those who had three consecutive years of physical examination data, the abnormal rates of red blood cell count and white blood cell count were statistically different (bothPs < 0.05).Conclusion Good occupational health conditions of benzene exposed workers are identified in the district of Hangzhou. The enterprise should strengthen occupational health management and the staff themselves should pay attention to their health and adopt a healthy lifestyle.
下载:
