胡芳, 吴玉霞. 2000—2014年上海市普陀区职业病状况分析[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(10): 948-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15145
引用本文: 胡芳, 吴玉霞. 2000—2014年上海市普陀区职业病状况分析[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2015, 32(10): 948-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15145
HU Fang , WU Yu-xia . Analysis on Occupational Diseases in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(10): 948-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15145
Citation: HU Fang , WU Yu-xia . Analysis on Occupational Diseases in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2015, 32(10): 948-952. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2015.15145

2000—2014年上海市普陀区职业病状况分析

Analysis on Occupational Diseases in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014

  • 摘要: 目的 分析上海市普陀区2000-2014 年职业病发病规律和发生特点, 为职业病防治提供基础依据。

    方法 采用回顾性分析, 以2000-2014 年普陀区确诊的职业病病例为研究对象, 收集相关信息资料, 建立数据库, 并进行数据分析。

    结果 2000-2014 年, 该区共收到新发职业病报告199 例, 历年职业病发病数呈波动性变化, 总体呈下降趋势。该区职业病类别以职业性皮肤病、职业性化学中毒和职业性眼病为主, 分别占发病总数的36.68%、28.64%和18.09%。其中居前3 位的职业病病种为化学性皮肤灼伤、化学性眼部灼伤和苯中毒, 占发病总例数的60.30%。40~49 岁年龄组和1~9 年工龄组的职业病病例数最多。不同种类职业病的平均发病年龄、平均发病工龄比较, 差异均有统计学意义(F=8.47, P < 0.000 1;F=6.71, P < 0.000 1)。该区职业病病例主要集中在化学原料与化学制品制造业、医药制造业和通用设备制造业, 共占62.31%。其中化学原料与化学制品制造业病例数最多, 占37.19%。199 例职业病病例共发生在92 家企业中, 发病最多的是1 家医药制造企业, 共发生23 例职业病。桃浦镇、长征镇和长风社区的职业病病例数占总例数的87.94%。

    结论 该区职业病以职业性皮肤病、职业性化学中毒和职业性眼病为主, 防治的重点行业是化学原料与化学制品制造业、医药制造业, 应关注低工龄人群的职业病高发问题。

     

    Abstract: Objective To describe the patterns and characteristics of occupational diseases in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014, and provide a scientific basis for occupational disease prevention and treatment.

    Methods A retrospective study was carried out among patients with diagnosed occupational diseases in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014. Disease categories, morbidity trend, and distributions status were analyzed.

    Results There were 199 patients with occupational diseases newly diagnosed in Putuo District from 2000 to 2014. The cases appeared a declining trend in general with fluctuations. Occupational dermatosis, occupational chemical poisoning, and occupational ophthalmopathy were the largest proportional categories and accounted for 36.68%, 28.64%, and 18.09% of total cases respectively. Chemical skin burn, chemical eye burn, and occupational benzene poisoning were the leading three diseases with the highest incidence rates, accounting for 60.30% of total cases. More cases were reported in the 40-49-year age group and in the 1-9-year working age group than in the other groups. There were significant differences in average age of onset and average working age of onset among various occupational disease categories (F=8.47, P < 0.000 1; F=6.71, P < 0.000 1). The occupational disease cases were largely concentrated in chemistry material and product, pharmaceuticals, and general equipment manufacturing industries, accounting for 62.31% of all cases; especially, the occupational diseases reported in chemistry material and product manufacturing industry were predominant, which accounted for 37.19% of all cases. Ninety-two manufacturers reported occupational diseases, and a single pharmaceuticals manufacturing enterprise reported the largest proportion (23 cases). Moreover, 87.94% of the cases were reported from Taopu, Changzheng, and Changfeng communities.

    Conclusion Occupational dermatosis, occupational chemical poisoning, and occupational ophthalmopathy are the predominant reported occupational diseases in the selected district. The prevention and control of occupational diseases should focus on chemical material and product manufacturing industry and pharmaceuticals manufacturing industry, as well as on those with shorter working age.

     

/

返回文章
返回