上海市松江区地铁站X射线行李包检查系统辐射剂量调查
Radiation Doses of X-Ray Luggage Inspection Systems in Subway Stations of Songjiang District, Shanghai
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摘要:
目的 了解上海市松江区地铁站X射线行李包检查系统的辐射水平,为加强该区地铁站放射卫生管理工作提供基础资料。 方法 对该区9 个地铁站共16 台X射线行李包检查系统进行监测调查。检测系统外表面0.05 m处不同位置的空气比释动能率,对系统周围辐射剂量进行分析与评价。 结果 X射线行李包检查系统的工作人员操作位、乘客通道、系统上盖板、系统乘客通道侧监测值与环境本底值差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。系统入口和出口表面空气比释动能率中位数最大,分别为1.291 和0.248 μGy/h,均显著高于环境本底值,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01),但未超过5 μGy/h 的国家限值要求。16 台机器中有4 台机器共8 个监测部位空气比释动能率超标(> 5 μGy/h),去除超标系统后仍显示入口和出口监测值高于环境本底,且入口下方位置辐射剂量最高,其次是中间位置(P<0.01)。 结论 安检系统工作时存在一定的辐射泄漏,但对公众和安检工作人员健康影响较小,建议继续加强地铁站X射线行李包检查系统的放射卫生防护管理。 Abstract:Objective To understand the radiation level of X-ray luggage inspection systems in the subway stations of Songjiang District of Shanghai, and to provide basic data for strengthening radiation protection management in subway stations. Methods Nine subway stations in Songjiang District involving 16 X-ray luggage inspection systems were included in the study. The air kerma rate around multiple positions 0.05 m away from the system surface were measured to analyze and evaluate the surrounding radiation doses. Results There were no significant differences between the environmental background values and the monitoring values of staff operating position, passenger channel, and the upper cover and passenger channel side of the X-ray luggage inspection systems (P>0.05). The median air kerma rates at system inlet (1.291 μGy/h) and outlet (0.248 μGy/h) were all significantly higher than the environmental background value (P<0.01), but less than the national limit of 5 μGy/h. Of all the 16 machines, the air kerma rates of 8 monitoring points from 4 machines were higher than the standard (> 5 μGy/h). After excluding the machines exceeding national standards, the average radiation doses of inlet and outlet still showed significantly higher values than the environmental background value, with the lower position of the inlet showing the highest followed by the intermediate position (P<0.01). Conclusion Radiation leaks exist but pose little health effects to the public and subway staff. It is suggested, therefore, that radiation protection management of X-ray luggage inspection systems in subway stations should be further strengthened.
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