银川市某区15所幼儿园室内空气质量调查
Indoor Air Quality of 15 Kindergartens in a District of Yinchuan
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摘要:
目的 通过对银川市某区15所幼儿园室内空气中一氧化碳(CO)、挥发性有机物(VOCs)、甲醛(HCHO)、二氧化碳(CO2)及细菌总数进行检测分析,为银川市幼儿园室内空气质量现状提供基础数据。 方法 于2014年4月-6月采用随机抽样的方法抽取银川市某区15所幼儿园45间教室,采用GXH-3010/3011便携式红外线CO、CO2仪、RAEsystems Inc挥发性有机化合物检测仪、4160-19.99型HCHO分析仪分别检测幼儿园室内空气中CO、CO2、VOCs、HCHO含量;采用柯赫沉降法测定幼儿园室内空气中细菌总数,并依据GB/T 18883-2002《室内空气质量标准》对检测数据进行评价。 结果 银川市某区15所幼儿园45间教室室内空气中CO2极大值为0.122%,是GB/T 18883-2002《室内空气质量标准》(<0.1%)的1.22倍;HCHO极大值为0.107 mg/m3,是国家标准(<0.1 mg/m3)的1.07倍。CO极大值为1.000 mg/m (3国家标准<1.0mg/m3);VOCs极大值为0.125mg/m (3国家标准<0.6mg/m3);细菌总数极大值为7.4cfu/皿(国家标准<45cfu/皿)。公办幼儿园室内VOCs含量M (P25~P75)为0.016(0.008~0.044) mg/m3,与民办幼儿园0.003(0.000~0.007) mg/m3比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 银川市部分幼儿园室内空气质量较好,但极少数幼儿园室内HCHO、CO2含量超标,应引起重视并采取综合控制措施。 Abstract:Objective To provide basic data of kindergarten indoor air quality in Yinchuan City through the detection and analysis of carbon oxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), formaldehyde (HCHO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and total bacteria count in 15 kindergartens in a district of Yinchuan. Methods From April to June 2014, we selected 45 classrooms of 15 kindergartens in Yinchuan by random sampling method. CO, CO2, VOCs, HCHO in air were measured using portable infrared CO/CO2 analyzer (Model GXH-3010/3011), VOC detector (RAE systems Inc), and HCHO analyzer (Model 4160-19.99), respectively. Koch's settlement method was used to estimate total bacteria count in indoor air. The test results were evaluated according to the Indoor Air Quality Standard (GB/T 18883-2002). Results In the 45 selected classrooms of 15 kindergartens in Yinchuan City, the maximum of CO2 was 0.122%, 1.22 folds of the CO2 limit by the Indoor Air Quality Standard (GB/T 18883-2002) (<0.1%); the maximum of HCHO was 0.107mg/m3, 1.07 folds of the national HCHO limit (<0.1mg/m3); the CO maximum was 1.000mg/m3 (national standard limit, <1.0 mg/m3); the VOCs maximum was 0.125 mg/m3 (national standard limit, <0.6 mg/m3); the maximum of total bacteria count was 7.4cfu/plate (national standard limit, <45cfu/plate). Statistical difference in indoor VOCs was identified between state-runM(P25-P75), 0.016(0.008-0.044)mg/m3 and private kindergartens0.003(0.000-0.007)mg/m3 (P<0.05). Conclusion The indoor air quality of selected kindergartens in Yinchuan City is generally good, but the levels of HCHO and CO2 exceed the national standards in a few kindergartens, which requires more attention and comprehensive control measures.
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