火车司机生活方式对高血压的影响
Effects on Hypertension by Lifestyle of Locomotive Drivers
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摘要:
目的 研究火车司机的生活方式是否对高血压的患病存在影响。 方法 采用横断面研究,于2012 年对昆明铁路局4 个机务段2 024 名火车司机开展健康检查以及生活方式的自填问卷调查,采用χ2 检验和多因素非条件二分类logistic 回归分析探索高血压患病的危险因素。 结果 回收有效问卷1 967 份,问卷有效回收率为97.18%。研究对象年龄(36.67& #177;7.01)岁(21~56 岁),高血压检出率为24.66%,从不体育锻炼率为24.50%,吸烟率为79.16%,饮酒率为85.66%,喜食高脂饮食率为31.77%,喜食高盐饮食率为22.00%,中心性肥胖率54.60%。χ2 检验结果显示,在30 岁及以下年龄组中,高盐饮食和腰围各亚组高血压检出率不同(P<0.05);31~40 岁的年龄组中,吸烟和腰围各亚组高血压检出率不同(P<0.05);41 岁及以上的年龄组中,饮酒和腰围各亚组高血压检出率不同(P<0.05)。logistic 回归分析筛选出饮酒(OR=1.155;95% CI:1.039~1.285)、腰围(OR=1.096;95% CI:1.080~1.111)、年龄(OR=1.070;95% CI:1.052~1.088)3 个因素是火车司机高血压的主要危险因素,回归方程为:& #375;=-12.110+0.144x饮酒+0.091x腰围+0.068x年龄。 结论 生活方式对火车司机高血压患病有影响。 Abstract:Objective To explore whether lifestyle affects the hypertension of locomotive drivers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2 024 locomotive drivers of four locomotive depots of Kunming Railway Bureau in 2012 including physical examination and self-administered lifestyle questionnaire survey. Chi-square test and multi-factor nonconditional binary logistic regression analysis were performed to examine the risk factors of train drivers' hypertension. Results A total of 1 967 returned questionnaire were valid(97.18%). Their age was(36.67& #177;7.01) years(21-56 years). The detection rate of hypertension was 24.66%, never exercise rate was 24.50%, smoking rate was 79.16%, alcohol drinking rate was 85.66%, high fat diet rate was 31.77%, high salt diet rate was 22.00%, and central obesity rate was 54.60%. By chi-square test, in the ≤ 30 years age group, there were significant differences in the detection rate of hypertension among subjects categorized by high salt diet or waist circumstance(P<0.05); in the 31-40 years age group, there were significant differences among subjects categorized by smoking or waist circumstance(P<0.05); in the ≥ 41 years age group, there were significant differences among subjects categorized by alcohol drinking or waist circumstance(P<0.05). By logistic regression analysis, alcohol drinking(OR=1.155, 95% CI: 1.039-1.285), waist circumference(OR=1.096, 95% CI: 1.080-1.111), and age(OR=1.070, 95% CI: 1.052-1.088) were the main risk factors of hypertension in the locomotive drivers, regression equation & #375;=-12.110+0.144xdrinking+0.091xwaist +0.068xage. Conclusion Lifestyle could affect hypertension in train drivers.
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