上海市女性居民宫颈癌筛查知识和行为现状调查
Knowledge and Behavior of Female Residents in Shanghai Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening
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摘要:
目的 了解上海市女性居民对宫颈癌筛查的知识和行为现状,为有针对性地开展健康教育和早期筛查工作提供科学依据。 方法 于2010年8-9月,对上海市7909例15岁及以上女性居民的宫颈癌筛查知识和相关检查参与情况进行分析。 结果 对宫颈癌异常体征(7908例)和宫颈细胞定期涂片筛查知识(7907例)的知晓率:15岁及以上女性居民分别为54.29%和34.88%;居住于中心城区者知晓率较高(分别为59.49%和39.41%); 18~44岁年龄组的知晓率较高(分别为62.04%和40.30%);大专及以上者的知晓率较高(分别为70.29%和49.33%)。18岁及以上的调查对象(6973例)接受宫颈脱落细胞检查的比例为32.37%,不同年龄和文化程度者的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中18~44岁和未接受正规学校教育的女性受检比例较低(分别为26.96%和20.69%)。在曾经做过宫颈脱落细胞检查的2223例女性居民中,最近一次检查距调查时的时间间隔中位数为2.00年。 结论 上海市女性居民对宫颈癌筛查的认知度较高,但参加相关筛查的比例相对较低。应加强该人群宫颈癌筛查知识的健康教育和行为指导,以提高其宫颈癌筛查的参与率及主动防癌健康检查的比例。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the knowledge and behavior concerning early screening for cervical cancer among female residents in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 7 909 female residents (≥ 15 years old) in August-September 2010 in Shanghai to collect information about the awareness of and participation in the early detection of cervical cancer. Results The awareness rates of abnormal signs of cervical cancer (7 908 female residents) and cervical smear test (7 907 female residents) were 54.29% and 34.88% respectively, and the urban residents (59.49% and 39.41%), 18-44 age group (62.04% and 40.30%), and subjects having college and above education (70.29% and 49.33%) reported higher rates. The percentage of ever receiving cervical smear tests was 32.37% of the 6 973 residents aged above 18 years, and varied among age groups and education levels (P<0.001), with the lowest percentage in the 18-44 age group (26.96%) and the illiterate group (20.69%). Among the 2 223 female residents who had ever got cervical smear tests, the median time interval from last test to the day of survey was 2.00 years. Conclusion The female residents in Shanghai generally have a high awareness but a low receiving rate of early detection of cervical cancer. The findings indicate health education and behavior intervention on cervical cancer prevention and control should be a focus in this population to encourage their participation and initiative.
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