施燕, 王春芳, 虞慧婷, 方博, 顾凯, 彭娟娟, 袁政安. 1990-2010年疾病谱变化对上海市居民期望寿命增长的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(2): 88-92. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0025
引用本文: 施燕, 王春芳, 虞慧婷, 方博, 顾凯, 彭娟娟, 袁政安. 1990-2010年疾病谱变化对上海市居民期望寿命增长的影响[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2014, 31(2): 88-92. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0025
SHI Yan , WANG Chun-fang , YU Hui-ting , FANG Bo , GU Kai , PENG Juan-juan , YUAN Zhengan . Influence of Changes in Disease Spectrum on Life Expectancy Growth among Shanghai Residents,1990-2010[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(2): 88-92. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0025
Citation: SHI Yan , WANG Chun-fang , YU Hui-ting , FANG Bo , GU Kai , PENG Juan-juan , YUAN Zhengan . Influence of Changes in Disease Spectrum on Life Expectancy Growth among Shanghai Residents,1990-2010[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2014, 31(2): 88-92. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0025

1990-2010年疾病谱变化对上海市居民期望寿命增长的影响

Influence of Changes in Disease Spectrum on Life Expectancy Growth among Shanghai Residents,1990-2010

  • 摘要: 目的 比较上海市1990-2010年不同时期人群期望寿命变化趋势,探讨疾病谱变化对期望寿命的影响,确定疾病干预的优先领域。

    方法 利用1990-2010年上海市居民死亡登记系统的死亡数据和上海市公安系统的人口数据,应用简略寿命表法、期望寿命分解法、死因分解法,比较年龄和不同死因对期望寿命的影响。

    结果 1990-2010年上海市男性和女性期望寿命分别增加了6.91岁和6.94岁,年均增寿均达0.35岁。65岁以上老年人口对期望寿命增长的贡献最大,男女分别占增寿总量的52.97%和51.44%。呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病和肿瘤死亡率的降低是期望寿命增加的主要原因,他们对男性和女性期望寿命的贡献分别为2.13岁和1.98岁、1.42岁和1.89岁、1.35岁和0.67岁。

    结论 上海市现阶段,居民的死亡大部分是疾病造成,提高人群期望寿命,重点是关注中老年人健康状况。近20年慢性病死亡率虽大幅下降,但仍是上海市主要死因,建立健全慢病防治体系,提高慢性病防治效果,是进一步提高上海市人口健康水平,增加上海市居民期望寿命的有效途径。

     

    Abstract: Objective To describe life expectancy growth for various time spans during 1990-2010 in Shanghai,examinethe impacts of changes in disease spectrum on life expectancy growth,and reveal priorities for disease intervention.

    Methods Mortality data of Shanghai residents were retrieved from the death registration system.Demographic data were from Shanghai PublicSecurity Bureau.The abridged life tables and decomposition of life expectancy by age groups and causes of death were used toanalyze impacts of age and death cause on life expectancy.

    Results During 1990-2010,life expectancy of Shanghai residentsincreased 6.91 and 6.94 years for male and female respectively,with a yearly increment of 0.35 years.The declining mortality inthe elderly population (aged 65 years and above) increased the life expectancy most and accounted for 52.97% and 51.44% of maleand female life expectancy increase respectively.The decreases in mortality rates due to respiratory diseases,circulatory diseases,and cancer were the main sources of the increase in life expectancy,which contributed 2.13 and 1.98,1.42 and 1.89,1.35 and 0.67years to life expectancy growth respectively for each category in male and female.

    Conclusion Most deaths are caused bydiseases.In order to increase life expectancy,we should pay more attention to the elderly's health.Recent 20 years have witnessed asubstantial decline in the mortality of chronic diseases,but that is still a major cause of death in Shanghai.Therefore,to establish achronic disease prevention and control system and improve prevention and treatment effects are the effective way to further improvethe population health and increase the life expectancy.

     

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