民营企业外来务工人员传染病防治的健康干预效果
Intervention Effectiveness of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention for Migrant Workers in Private Enterprises
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摘要:
目的 了解慈溪市民营企业外来务工人员在健康教育干预前后重点传染病防治知识改变情况,为制定企业健康促进策略提供依据。 方法 抽取2家民营企业各200名外来务工人员,按车间分层,每个车间随机抽取调查对象,开展传染病防治知识问卷调查,随后开展为期一年的多种健康促进与教育干预活动,干预后用相同抽样方法抽取样本量,并用同一问卷对外来务工人员传染病防治知晓情况进行评价。 结果 外来务工人员重点传染病防治总体知晓率由干预前的50.46%上升至干预后的62.84%,重点传染病防治健康行为率由干预前的69.04%上升至干预后的81.00%,艾滋病三大传播途径知晓率由干预前的69.59%上升至干预后的83.53%,初中文化程度的外来务工人员重点传染病防治知晓率由干预前的42.38%上升至干预后的59.09%。 结论 开展外来务工人员重点传染病防治法规与知识的健康教育是预防控制传染病暴发和潜在流行的重要手段。 Abstract:Objective To understand the changes in knowledge of infectious disease control and prevention before and after a health education intervention program for migrant workers in selected private enterprises, and to provide evidence for developing health promotion strategies. Methods Two hundred migrant workers were selected from each of the 2 private enterprises in Cixi city using stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on knowledge of infectious disease control and prevention. At the end of a one-year health education intervention program, the investigators used the same method to select subjects and the same questionnaire to evaluate the intervention effectiveness. Results After the intervention, the total awareness rate of infectious disease control and prevention increased from 50.46% to 62.84%; the healthy behavior rate increased from 69.04% to 81.00%; the awareness rate of the three routes of HIV transmission increased from 69.59% to 83.53%; and the awareness rate of infectious disease control and prevention among migrant workers with junior high school education increased from 42.38% to 59.09%. Conclusion Health education is an important sector to prevent infectious disease outbreak and potential epidemic in migrant workers.
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