李雪, 孙雪梅, 刘继文. 新疆某煤矿工人职业倦怠及抑郁症状与工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的关系[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2022, 39(6): 625-631. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM22025
引用本文: 李雪, 孙雪梅, 刘继文. 新疆某煤矿工人职业倦怠及抑郁症状与工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的关系[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2022, 39(6): 625-631. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM22025
LI Xue, SUN Xuemei, LIU Jiwen. Relationships of job burnout and depressive symptoms with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners in Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(6): 625-631. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM22025
Citation: LI Xue, SUN Xuemei, LIU Jiwen. Relationships of job burnout and depressive symptoms with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners in Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(6): 625-631. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM22025

新疆某煤矿工人职业倦怠及抑郁症状与工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的关系

Relationships of job burnout and depressive symptoms with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners in Xinjiang

  • 摘要: 背景 工作相关骨骼肌肉疾患(WMSDs)是损害劳动者工作能力的主要疾患之一。社会心理因素可以通过影响机体生理机制,改变工作姿势或扰乱情绪及认知能力,导致WMSDs发生。

    目的 探究煤矿工人职业倦怠、抑郁症状水平及WMSDs现状,并分析三者间关系。

    方法 本研究为横断面调查,采用整群随机抽样法,抽取新疆5家煤矿企业的1700名在岗煤矿工人。采用职业倦怠问卷、抑郁自评量表及中国肌肉骨骼疾患问卷对煤矿工人的一般情况、职业倦怠情况、抑郁状况和WMSDs发生情况进行调查。比较不同人口统计学特征煤矿工人WMSDs症状发生率、职业倦怠与抑郁症状评分。指标相关性分析采用Spearman相关分析。建立结构方程模型,分析抑郁症状在职业倦怠与WMSDs关系间的中介作用。

    结果 回收有效问卷1528份,有效率为89.9%,其中男性1335名(87.4%)、女性193名(12.6%),年龄MP0~P100)为41(19~59)岁,工龄MP0~P100)为25(1~42)年。煤矿工人WMSDs症状发生率为57.7%,职业倦怠得分MP25P75)为54.0(45.0,61.0)分,抑郁症状得分MP25P75)为48.8(43.8,53.8)分。不同性别、年龄、工龄、倒班情况、文化程度组间WMSDs症状发生率、职业倦怠得分及抑郁症状得分差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。职业倦怠、抑郁症状与WMSDs均呈现正相关关系(rs=0.172、0.098,P<0.01),职业倦怠与抑郁症状呈正相关关系(rs=0.138,P<0.01)。结构方程模型结果显示:职业倦怠和抑郁症状可直接影响WMSDs,标准化路径系数(β)分别为0.10和0.09;职业倦怠也可以直接影响抑郁症状,β为0.19。职业倦怠对WMSDs的总效应为0.120,直接效应为0.102。以抑郁症状为中介的间接效应为0.018,占总效应的15.0%(均P<0.05)。

    结论 煤矿工人WMSDs症状发生率高,职业倦怠及抑郁症状与WMSDs的发生有关。

     

    Abstract: Background Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is one of the main disorders that impair the working ability of workers. Social and psychological factors can lead to WMSDs by affecting physiological mechanisms, changing work posture, or disturbing mood and cognitive ability.

    Objective To explore current situation of job burnout, depressive symptoms, and WMSDs in coal miners, and to analyze their relationships.

    Methods This cross-sectional survey adopted cluster random sampling method and selected 1700 on-job coal miners from five coal mining enterprises in Xinjiang. The general information, job burnout, depressive symptoms, and the prevalence of WMSDs in coal miners were investigated by using the Job Burnout Scale, Self-rating Depressive Symptom Scale, and Chinese Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. The prevalence rates of WMSDs, job burnout scores, and depressive symptom scores of coal miners with different demographic characteristics were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to identify the correlations among the three variables. A structural equation model was established to the analyze the potential mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between job burnout and WMSDs.

    Results A total of 1528 valid questionnaires were collected, with an valid recovery rate of 89.9%, including 1335 males (87.4%) and 193 females (12.6%). The M (P0-P100) of age was 41 (19-59) years, and the M (P0-P100) of length of service was 25 (1-42) years. The prevalence rate of WMSDs in coal miners was 57.7%. The M (P25, P75) score of job burnout was 54.0 (45.0, 61.0), and the M (P25,P75) score of depressive symptoms was 48.8 (43.8, 53.8). There were significant differences in WMSDs prevalence rate, job burnout score, and depressive symptom score among different sex, age, length of service, shift, and education level groups (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between job burnout and WMSDs and between depressive symptoms and WMSDs (rs=0.172 and 0.098, P < 0.01), and there was a positive correlation between job burnout and depressive symptoms ( rs=0.138, P < 0.01). The results of structural equation model suggested that job burnout and depressive symptoms directly affected WMSDs, and the standardized path coefficients ( β) were 0.10 and 0.09, respectively; job burnout also directly affected depressive symptoms (β=0.19). The total effect of job burnout on WMSDs was 0.120, the direct effect was 0.102, and the indirect effect mediated by depressive symptoms was 0.018, accounting for 15.0% of the total effect (all Ps<0.05).

    Conclusion The prevalence rate of WMSDs in coal miners is high, and job burnout and depressive symptoms are associated with WMSDs.

     

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