李盛, 唐佳蓉, 郑艳妮, 王园, 王玉瑾, 赵瑜, 杨迪, 李昕蓉, 冯亚莉, 朱东升, 王金玉. 兰州市医护人员自测健康状况及其影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2022, 39(7): 775-779. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21512
引用本文: 李盛, 唐佳蓉, 郑艳妮, 王园, 王玉瑾, 赵瑜, 杨迪, 李昕蓉, 冯亚莉, 朱东升, 王金玉. 兰州市医护人员自测健康状况及其影响因素[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2022, 39(7): 775-779. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21512
LI Sheng, TANG Jiarong, ZHENG Yanni, WANG Yuan, WANG Yujin, ZHAO Yu, YANG Di, LI Xinrong, FENG Yali, ZHU Dongsheng, WANG Jinyu. Self-rated health status and its influencing factors of medical staff in Lanzhou City[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(7): 775-779. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21512
Citation: LI Sheng, TANG Jiarong, ZHENG Yanni, WANG Yuan, WANG Yujin, ZHAO Yu, YANG Di, LI Xinrong, FENG Yali, ZHU Dongsheng, WANG Jinyu. Self-rated health status and its influencing factors of medical staff in Lanzhou City[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2022, 39(7): 775-779. DOI: 10.11836/JEOM21512

兰州市医护人员自测健康状况及其影响因素

Self-rated health status and its influencing factors of medical staff in Lanzhou City

  • 摘要: 背景 医护人员由于工作强度高、责任大、突发情况多,承受较大的工作压力,可能导致健康损害。

    目的 探讨兰州市医护人员自测健康水平及人口学和职业相关因素对其结果的影响。

    方法 采用整群随机抽样方法,使用自制问卷结合自测健康量表(SRHMS)对兰州市18所公立医院在职医护人员进行调查。SRHMS包括10个维度共48个条目,分为生理健康、心理健康和社会健康3个子量表,另有1个独立的维度为健康总体自测维度。评价得分可对其进行百分制转换,以测量值/满分值×100%表示,比值越高,表示健康状况越好,>70%可认为健康状况良好。运用t检验、秩和检验及Spearman相关,分析医护人员SRHMS得分情况及影响生理、心理及社会各维度得分的人口学和职业相关因素。

    结果 本次调查回收有效问卷共2989份。不同年龄、学历、工龄及每周工作时间的医护人员在生理、心理、社会健康得分及总量表分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医护人员自测健康的总量表分占满分值的百分比为71.41%,但生理、心理、社会及总量表分均低于国内职业人群自测健康常模得分(t=−3.323、−12.283、−7.157、−9.659,均P < 0.05);其中心理健康中的心理症状与负向情绪维度的测量值占满分值的百分比最低,仅58.39%。学历、工龄和每周工作时间与生理健康得分呈负相关( r=−0.061、−0.060、−0.165,均P < 0.05);心理健康方面,职称与其得分呈正相关( r=0.045),学历及每周工作时间与其得分呈负相关(r=−0.051、−0.172),均P < 0.05;社会健康方面,月收入、职称、工龄与其得分呈正相关( r=0.040、0.049、0.071),学历及每周工作时间与其得分呈负相关(r=−0.038、−0.110),均P < 0.05。

    结论 兰州市医护人员自测健康情况整体良好,但比常模低,其中心理健康水平得分最低;且自测健康总量表得分与学历、职称和每周工作时间相关。

     

    Abstract: Background Because of high working intensity, high responsibility, and unexpected situations, health care workers may suffer great work pressure, which may lead to health damage.

    Objective To explore the self-rated health status and its influencing factors such as demographic and occupational-related factors of medical staff in Lanzhou.

    Methods In-service medical staff were selected by using cluster random sampling method from 18 public hospitals in Lanzhou City and were investigated with a self-made questionnaire and the Self-rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS). SRHMS includes 48 items in 10 dimensions, which are divided into three sub-scales of physical health, mental health, and social health, and another independent dimension is overall health. The scores were converted into a percentage scale and expressed as the percentage of measured score to full score; a higher score indicated better health, and >70% was considered good health status. t test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman correlation were used to analyze the scores of SRHMS and the demographic and occupational-related factors affecting the scores of physical, mental, and social health sub-scales.

    Results A total of 2989 valid questionnaires were recovered. There were statistically significant differences in total score and the scores of physical, mental, and social health among medical staff of different age, educational background, length of service, and weekly working hours groups (P < 0.05). The percentage of total score to full score in the medical staff was 71.41%, but the scores of physical, mental, and social health sub-scales and total scale of selected participants were all lower than the corresponding domestic norms ( t=−3.323, −12.283, −7.157, −9.659, P < 0.05); the percentage of psychological symptoms and negative emotions in mental health scale to full score was the lowest, only 58.39%. Educational background, length of service, and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with physical health score ( r=−0.061, −0.060, −0.165, P < 0.05); professional title was positively correlated with mental health score ( r=0.045, P < 0.05), while educational background and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with it ( r=−0.051, −0.172, P < 0.05). Monthly income, professional title, and length of service were positively correlated with social health score ( r=0.040, 0.049, 0.071, P < 0.05), while educational background and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with it ( r=−0.038, −0.110, P < 0.05).

    Conclusion The self-rated health status of selected medical staff in Lanzhou is generally good, but lower than that of the norm, especially the mental health score is the lowest. The self-rated health score of total scale is correlated with education, length of service, professional title, and working time per week.

     

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