DUAN Shu-min, GAO Yan-jun, LÜ Li-zhi, WANG Yun. Human exposure levels of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in food and their influence on gastrointestinal tract[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(2): 181-186, 191. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19536
Citation: DUAN Shu-min, GAO Yan-jun, LÜ Li-zhi, WANG Yun. Human exposure levels of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in food and their influence on gastrointestinal tract[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2020, 37(2): 181-186, 191. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2020.19536

Human exposure levels of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in food and their influence on gastrointestinal tract

  • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used in food like candy, chocolate, gum, and beverage as food additives. According to published research findings, the proportion of nanoparticles in food addictive TiO2 could be up to 36%. Because of the special physicochemical property of nanoparticles like small size and high surface activity, the influence of food-grade TiO2 nanoparticles on health may be different from that of larger-scale particles. TiO2 nanoparticles have been confirmed to be absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and accumulate in organ tissues such as liver, kidney, and spleen after ingestion. The gastrointestinal tract is the primary contact organ after oral intake of TiO2 nanoparticles and is more susceptible than other organs. This article summarized the contents of TiO2 nanoparticles in food, suggesting human are exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles in daily life; summarized exposure levels in different age groups, further focused on the effects on gastrointestinal tract and diseases (such as gastric ulcer, gastric cancer, enteritis, and intestinal cancer) after ingestion of TiO2 nanoparticles; and revealed its toxic effects on gastrointestinal tract, expecting to promote public awareness of TiO2 nanoparticles in food and to provide reference for the safe and effective using of TiO2 nanoparticles in food science.
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