Objective
To evaluate the effect of an intervention on tobacco control, aiming to improve employees' awareness of the health risks of smoking and reduce smoking rate.
Methods
By cluster workshop-stratified random sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 660 employees in an enterprise. A six-month intervention program was carried out using a combination mode of "lecture+consultation+carbon monoxide monitoring+medicine delivery". Statistical analysis was performed for smoking rate, time distribution of smoking the first cigarette after waking up, intention of smoking cessation, help for smoking cessation, and knowledge of tobacco before and after the intervention.
Results
The smoking rates before and after the intervention were 32.9% and 28.0% respectively (χ2=3.406, P>0.05); the smoking cessation rates were 14.3% and 27.2% respectively (χ2=11.412, P < 0.05). Both before and after the intervention, the 18-25 years age group and the group with monthly income of 4 001-6 000 yuan showed the highest rates of smoking. Of the 130 smokers who smoked every day, after the six-month (from April to September) intensive intervention, the percentage of those who reported smoking the first cigarette within 30 min after waking up every morning (51.5%) was slightly higher than the percentage before the intervention (50.8%), so was the percentage within 5 min (before:8.5%; after:14.6%), indicating that for the daily smokers, intervention programs targeting tobacco dependence were not effective in a short time. However, the percentages of current smokers who attempted (41.7%) and intended (48.5%) to quit smoking after the intervention were higher than before (22.9% and 40.1% respectively); the numbers of smokers who knew the 12320 smoking cessation hotline (72.4%) and smoking cessation clinics in comprehensive hospitals (73.0%) after the intervention were also higher than before (11.5% and 12.5% respectively) (P < 0.001). In addition, the workers' correct awareness rate of the item that "the harm of low-tar cigarettes is similar to that of conventional cigarettes" after the intervention (28.8%) was obviously higher than that before the intervention (18.7%). More workers after the intervention believed that smoking is related to stroke, heart attack, and impotence than before, and more believed that passive smoking is associated with adult heart disease, children's lung disease, and adult lung cancer (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Six months after the intervention, the smoking rate is decreased and the smoking cessation rate is increased among the selected employees in Hainan. The comprehensive intervention mode of "lecture+consultation+carbon monoxide detection+drug delivery" is worth promoting.
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