Objective To study the effect of atmospheric fine particulate matters (PM2.5) on the energy metabolism of human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells.
Methods SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to different concentrations of PM2.5 (0, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 mg/L) for 24 h. Cell survival rate was detected by MTT assay, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content with MDA kit, and mitochondrial respiratory function and glycolytic function with XFp extracellular flux analyzer.
Results The survival rates of SH-SY5Y cells of the PM2.5 groups were lower than that of the control group (Ps < 0.05). The MDA contents of the 80, 160, and 320 mg/L PM2.5 groups were higher than that of the control group (Ps < 0.05). The PM2.5 groups showed lower basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP-linked OCR than the control group (OCR reduced by 13.8%, 19.7%, 25.1%, 35.8%, and 45.2%, respectively; ATP-linked OCR reduced by 17.0%, 21.9%, 28.3%, 39.2%, and 47.9%, respectively) (P < 0.05). The 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg/L PM2.5 groups showed lower maximal respiration level than the control group (reduced by 19.0%, 24.2%, 28.5%, and 40.7%, respectively) (Ps < 0.05). The 80, 160, and 320 mg/L PM2.5 groups displayed lower glycolysis and maximum glycolysis than the control group (glycolysis reduced by 15.9%, 22.1%, and 26.1%, respectively; maximum glycolysis reduced by 16.5%, 19.6%, and 21.5%, respectively) (Ps < 0.05). Basal OCR, ATP-linked OCR, proton leak OCR, maximal respiration capacity, glycolysis level, and maximum glycolysis were positively associated with cell survival rate (r ranged from 0.65 to 0.86, P < 0.01), and negatively associated with MDA (r ranged from -0.53 to -0.86, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
Conclusion PM2.5 could cause oxidative damage to SH-SY5Y cells with decreasing the mitochondrial respiratory function and glycolysis function.
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