昆明市社区居民环境污染感受与身心健康的关系
Relationships between environmental pollution perception and physical and mental health of community residents in Kunming
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摘要:
目的 了解昆明市社区居民环境污染感受及其生理、心理健康状况，探讨环境污染感受与生理、心理健康状况的关系。
方法 选取云南省昆明市4个社区共607名社区居民作为研究对象，运用环境污染感受量表从工作噪声感受、生活噪声感受、空气污染感受三方面评估社区居民的环境污染感受；运用SF-8量表评估社区居民的生理、心理健康状况。采用单因素方差分析、多重线性回归进行统计学分析。
结果 本次调查研究中607名社区居民的工作噪声感受得分为（5.29±2.76）分，生活噪声感受得分为（6.21±2.08）分，空气污染感受得分为（6.29±2.08）分；生理健康状况得分为（53.26±5.33）分，心理健康状况得分为（53.70±6.12）分。单因素方差分析显示，不同工作噪声感受组（F=4.075，P=0.009）、不同生活噪声感受组（F=7.605，P < 0.001）、不同空气污染感受组（F=9.230，P < 0.001）之间生理健康状况得分差异具有统计学意义；不同工作噪声感受组（F=15.221，P < 0.001）、不同生活噪声感受组（F=16.848，P < 0.001）、不同空气污染感受组（F=36.090，P < 0.001）之间心理健康状况得分差异具有统计学意义。多重线性回归分析发现，社区居民生理健康状况得分与居民年龄（b=-1.967，P < 0.001）、空气污染感受（b=-1.026，P < 0.001）呈负相关，空气污染感受（b'=-0.150）对居民生理健康状况的贡献小于年龄（b'=-0.185）；心理健康状况得分与空气污染感受（b=-2.049，P < 0.001）呈负相关。
结论 昆明市社区居民环境污染感受越高，其生理、心理健康状况越差。
Abstract:Objective To understand the environmental pollution perception and physical and mental health status of community residents in Kunming, and explore their relationships.
Methods A total of 607 community residents from four communities in Kunming City, Yunnan Province were selected as study subjects. Environmental Pollution Perception Scale was used to assess their work noise perception, life noise perception, and air pollution perception; SF-8 Scale was used to assess their physical and mental health status. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression.
Results Of the 607 community residents, the work noise perception score was 5.29±2.76, the life noise perception score was 6.21±2.08, and the air pollution perception score was 6.29±2.08; the physical health score was 53.26±5.33, and the mental health score was 53.70±6.12. The results of one-way ANOVA showed significant differences in physical health score among different work noise perception groups (F=4.705, P=0.009), life noise perception groups (F=7.605, P < 0.001), and air pollution perception groups (F=9.230, P < 0.001), as well as significant differences in mental health score among different work noise perception groups (F=15.221, P < 0.001), life noise perception groups (F=16.848, P < 0.001), and air pollution perception groups (F=36.090, P < 0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis results found that the score of physical health of community residents was negatively related to residents' age (b=-1.967, P < 0.001) and air pollution perception (b=-1.026, P < 0.001), and the contribution of air pollution perception (b'=-0.150) to residents' physical health status was smaller than that of age (b'=-0.185); the score of mental health score had a negative linear regression relationship with air pollution perception (b=-2.049, P < 0.001).
Conclusion The higher the environmental pollution perception is, the worse the physical and mental health status is among community residents in Kunming.
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