陶宁, 张建江, 刘继文. 新入伍军人抑郁和焦虑与职业紧张的关系调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(7): 624-628. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17736
引用本文: 陶宁, 张建江, 刘继文. 新入伍军人抑郁和焦虑与职业紧张的关系调查[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(7): 624-628. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17736
TAO Ning, ZHANG Jian-jiang, LIU Ji-wen. A cross-sectional survey on relationships of occupational stress with depression and anxiety among military recruits[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(7): 624-628. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17736
Citation: TAO Ning, ZHANG Jian-jiang, LIU Ji-wen. A cross-sectional survey on relationships of occupational stress with depression and anxiety among military recruits[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(7): 624-628. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17736

新入伍军人抑郁和焦虑与职业紧张的关系调查

A cross-sectional survey on relationships of occupational stress with depression and anxiety among military recruits

  • 摘要: 目的 了解陆军某部队新入伍军人抑郁和焦虑的情况,分析其职业紧张对抑郁和焦虑的影响,为维护和促进其心理健康提供科学依据。

    方法 2014年,采用分层整群随机抽样,选择新疆某陆军部队625名新入伍青年军人作为调查对象,选用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、职业紧张量表修订版(OSI-R)进行抑郁焦虑状况和职业紧张水平的调查。两组间比较使用t检验和Mann-Whitney U检验,职业紧张与SDS和SAS得分的相关性采用Spearman相关分析,对SDS和SAS的影响因素进行二分类logistic回归分析。

    结果 回收有效问卷597份,有效率为95.52%。入伍前居住地为城市的军人OSI-R中的职业任务问卷(ORQ)得分、紧张反应问卷(PSQ)得分高于农村;吸烟者ORQ、PSQ得分高于非吸烟者,差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。SDS得分MP25P75)为40(34,49)分;SAS得分MP25P75)为34(29,41)分。专科及以上组的SDS及SAS得分均低于高中及以下组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。入伍前为学生身份组的SDS得分低于非学生身份组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。ORQ得分与SDS和SAS得分呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.574和0.630(P < 0.001)。PSQ得分与SDS和SAS得分呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.670和0.736(P < 0.001)。应对资源问卷(PRQ)得分与SDS和SAS得分呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.627和-0.619(P < 0.001)。应对资源是抑郁的保护性因素(OR=0.977,95% CI:0.961~0.994),紧张反应是焦虑和抑郁的危险性因素(OR=1.668,95% CI:1.092~2.548;OR=1.865,95% CI:1.048~4.082)。

    结论 陆军某部队新入伍军人职业紧张、抑郁和焦虑状况不容乐观,职业紧张与抑郁和焦虑有密切联系。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the depression and anxiety among military recruits, analyze the effects of occupational stress on depression and anxiety, and provide a scientific basis for mental health protection and promotion.

    Methods By multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, 625 military recruits were enrolled in 2014 from an army troop in Xinjiang. They were asked to complete Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition (OSI-R). The two groups were compared using t test and Mann-Whitney U test, the correlations of occupational stress with SDS and SAS scores were assessed by Spearman correlation analysis, and the influencing factors of SDS and SAS were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

    Results The number of valid return was 597, and the valid rate was 95.52%. The Occupational Role Questionnaire (ORQ) scores and Personal Strain Questionnaire (PSQ) scores of the urban group were higher than those of the rural group; the ORQ and PSQ scores of smokers were higher than those of non-smokers (Ps < 0.05). The median (P25, P75) of the SDS and the SAS scores were 40 (34, 49) and 34 (29, 41), respectively. The SDS and SAS scores of the college and above group were lower than those of the high school and below group (P < 0.05); the SDS score of the student group (identity before enlisting) was lower than that of the non-student group (identity before enlisting) (P < 0.05). There were positive correlations between ORQ and SDS scores (r=0.574), ORQ and SAS scores (r=0.630), PSQ and SDS scores (r=0.670), and PSQ and SAS scores (r=0.736) (Ps < 0.001). There were negative correlations between Personal Resources Questionnaire (PRQ) and SDS scores (r=-0.627) and between PRQ and SAS scores (r=-0.619) (P < 0.001). Personal resource was a protective factor of depression (OR=0.977, 95% CI:0.961-0.994), while personal strain was a risk factor for anxiety (OR=1.668, 95% CI:1.092-2.548) and depression (OR=1.865, 95% CI:1.048-4.082).

    Conclusion The selected military recruits show poor status of occupational stress, depression, and anxiety, and occupational stress is closely related to depression and anxiety.

     

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