刘英莉, 孟春燕, 钱庆增, 李亚慧, 周婉笛, 王宏丽, 高红霞. 某市秋冬季大气PM2.5中金属元素的健康风险评价[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(7): 602-606. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17635
引用本文: 刘英莉, 孟春燕, 钱庆增, 李亚慧, 周婉笛, 王宏丽, 高红霞. 某市秋冬季大气PM2.5中金属元素的健康风险评价[J]. 环境与职业医学, 2018, 35(7): 602-606. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17635
LIU Yingli, MENG Chun-yan, QIAN Qing-zeng, LI Ya-hui, ZHOU Wan-di, WANG Hong-li, GAO Hong-xia. Health risk assessment of metal elements in autumn and winter atmospheric PM2.5 in a city[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(7): 602-606. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17635
Citation: LIU Yingli, MENG Chun-yan, QIAN Qing-zeng, LI Ya-hui, ZHOU Wan-di, WANG Hong-li, GAO Hong-xia. Health risk assessment of metal elements in autumn and winter atmospheric PM2.5 in a city[J]. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, 2018, 35(7): 602-606. DOI: 10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2018.17635

某市秋冬季大气PM2.5中金属元素的健康风险评价

Health risk assessment of metal elements in autumn and winter atmospheric PM2.5 in a city

  • 摘要: 目的 分析某市秋冬季大气PM2.5中金属元素的污染特征,并对其健康风险进行评价。

    方法 采集该市2016年9-10月(秋季)和2016年12月-2017年1月(冬季)PM2.5样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析其中的锑、铝、砷、铍、镉、铬、汞、铅、锰、镍、硒、铊12种元素的含量。利用富集因子法和健康风险指数法对其中7种元素(镉、铅、砷、镍、锰、汞、铬)的危害进行评价。

    结果 该市大气PM2.5中12种金属元素含量,秋季为铝 > 锰 > 铅 > 铬 > 砷 > 硒 > 镍 > 汞 > 锑=镉 > 铊 > 铍;冬季为铝 > 铅 > 锰 > 铊 > 铬 > 砷 > 硒 > 锑 > 汞 > 镉 > 镍 > 铍。除了镍和铍,其余元素的含量均为冬季>秋季。富集程度分析显示,秋冬两季PM2.5中汞的富集因子均大于2,属于中度富集,2级污染。镉、铅、砷、镍、锰、铬的富集因子均小于1,无富集。致癌金属元素铬、镍、镉、砷通过呼吸途径对暴露人群的年均超额危险度为2.73×10-9~2.02×10-6。非致癌金属元素铅、汞、锰的年均超额危险度为1.20×10-10~1.41×10-9。7种金属元素对不同人群年均超额危险度为:成年男性1.33×10-10~2.02×10-6;成年女性1.20×10-10~1.82×10-6;儿童1.20×10-10~1.09×10-6

    结论 某市秋冬季大气PM2.5中,除镍和铍外,金属元素呈现冬季>秋季的趋势。

     

    Abstract: Objective To analyze seasonal pollution characteristics of metal elements in PM2.5 in a city, and evaluate their health risks.

    Methods Atmospheric PM2.5 samples were collected in autumn (from September to October 2016) and winter (from December 2016 to January 2017) in the city. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to detect 12 metal elements in the samples including Sb, Al, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Mn, Ni, Se, and Tl. Enrichment factor method and health risk index method were applied to analyze the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of 7 elements including Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Mn, Hg, and Cr.

    Results The order of concentrations of the 12 metal elements in atmospheric PM2.5 in the city from high to low were Al > Mn > Pb > Cr > As > Se > Ni > Hg > Sb=Cd > Tl > Be in autumn, and Al > Pb > Mn > Tl > Cr > As > Se > Sb > Hg > Cd > Ni > Be in winter. The metal element concentrations in winter were all higher than those in autumn except Ni and Be. The enrichment factor of Hg was more than 2 in both autumn and winter, indicating moderate enrichment and level 2 of air pollution; the enrichment factors of Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Mn, and Cr were all less than 1, indicating no enrichment. The average annual excess risks through inhalation of four carcinogenic metal elements including Cr, Ni, Cd, and As for general populations were between 2.73×10-9 and 2.02×10-6. The average annual excess risks of three non-carcinogenic metal elements including Pb, Hg, and Mn for general populations were between 1.20×10-10 and 1.41×10-9. The average annual excess risks of seven metal elements were 1.33×10-10-2.02×10-6 for adult males, 1.20×10-10-1.82×10-6 for adult females, and 1.20×10-10-1.09×10-6 for children.

    Conclusion Except Ni and Be, the average concentrations of the other selected metal elements in atmospheric PM2.5 in winter are all higher than those in winter in the selected city.

     

/

返回文章
返回